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Text 3. Customs and traditions.

 

Vocabulary:

 

to date back

to be proud of

to preserve

to be linked

to obey

to mark

a sweetheart /

a message

a scary face

 

So many countries so many customs, an English proverb says. A great number of customs and traditions date back to the early days of Great Britain. We can say that they are the reflection of the countrys history and the peoples psychology. The British can be proud of that they preserved their old customs and traditions most of them have been kept without change since the 13th century.

Some British customs and traditions are famous all over the world. For example, the celebration of New Year and Christmas is similar to our own. People decorate New Year trees, give each other presents, some go to parties at friends home or at night-clubs.

St. Valentines Day is celebrated on February 14th. On that day people send cards and presents to their sweethearts or friends. Some British newspapers have a whole page for Valentines Day messages on that day.

April 1st is April Fools Day in Britain. It is linked with the celebration of spring, the return of sun and warmth. This tradition is very old and goes back to the Middle Ages. At that time the servants were masters for one day of the year. They gave orders and the masters had to obey. Now April Fools Day is different. It is a day for jokes and tricks.

May 1st was another important day in the Middle Ages. Early in the morning, young girls went to the field and washed their faces with dew. They believed this made them beautiful for the whole year.

Midsummers Day, June 24th, is the longest day of the year. Even today Druids come to Stonehenge to see the morning sun shine on the famous stones. Stonehenge is one of Europes biggest stone circles. The stones are ten meters high and nearly five thousand years old. They say, the Druids used it as a calendar to know the start of months and seasons.

Halloween is celebrated on October 31st. it is a religious holiday known as All Saints Day. The symbols of Halloween are evil spirits (witches, ghosts, goblins and skeletons), black color and pumpkins with scary faces and a candle inside. Children usually go trick or treating on that day.

Guy Fawkes Day is marked on November 5th. All over the country people build wood fires or bonfires. On top of each bonfire is a guy. It is made of straw and old clothes.

 

Answer the questions:

 

1. What can we say about the customs and traditions of Great Britain? How old

are they?

2. What are the most famous winter traditions?

3. What holidays do they celebrate in spring?

4. What do they mark in summer?

5. What are the most famous autumn traditions?

 

Translate from Russian into English.

 

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