.
| To make mistakes is easy. It is easy to make mistakes. | . |
| He asked us to help. We found it difficult to help him. | . . |
| Our plan was to introduce new methods of research. They must continue their research. | , . . |
- -.
, .
.
-
| Here is an example to be followed. The examples to be found in this paper are interesting. Can you give me some work to do. | , . , ( ) , . - (), . |
-
| He stopped for a minute to rest (in order to rest). We were too tired to discuss the matter. You are old enough to earn your own living. | , . , . , . |
. 6. :
1. We were ready to take the exam beforehand. 2. I wanted to be invited to the concert. 3. He is glad to have chosen this institute. 4. I am glad to have seen you. 5. There was nothing left for him to do but watch and wait. 6. Laws are not made to be broken. 7. To visit her was all that I wanted. 8. He is proud to have been offered this post. 10. My greatest wish was to tell her everything. 11. All I want to do is to help you. 12. Alice arrived in time to hear Toms remark. 13. I am sorry not to have seen her. 14. I dont like to be interrupted. 15. I dont like to interrupt.
. 7. , :
1. To see is to believe. 2. To swim in the Black Sea was a real pleasure. 3. He wants to accept your offer. 4. He wants to be accepted to the University. 5. He is happy to have been accepted to the Academy. 6. To produce a great number of excellent consumer goods, meeting the requirements of the population, is the task of our light industry. 7. I am sorry to have interrupted you. 8. To resume meetings of our circle we have to speak to the Dean. 9. This is the problem to be solved as soon as possible. 10. That was a nice seaside place to spend the holidays. 11. I need a pen to write with. 12. Lomonosov was the first to use the Russian language in scientific books. 13. She was the last to speak at the meeting. 14. We were the first to ring him up and to tell the news. 15. He told us nothing about his plan of research work to be carried out next year. 16. I have something interesting to tell you. 17. There was nothing interesting at the exhibition to attract our attention. 18. To master this speciality one must work hard. 19. To improve the drawing skill one must draw every day. 20. To come to my office in time I must leave at 7.30. 21. To greet the teacher the students stand up when the teacher enters the classroom.
|
|
|
. 8. , :
1. To do well on school tasks, children must carefully examine the details of information and reflect on what the best answer is. 2. Children spend many years in school where there are tasks to be accomplished (), people to socialize [sou∫əlaiz] () and be socialized by, and competencies [kÉmpi:tənsiz] () to be developed. 3. To identify gifted disadvantaged children adequately, it is necessary to widen the assessment [əsesmənt] () procedure to include not only intellectual abilities but also behavior, motivation and personality attributes [ætribju:ts] (, ). 4. When T.Edison was a young boy, his teacher told him he was too dumb [dΛm] () to learn anything.
LESSON 4
Gerund
, . , . ; , , , . .
Participle I: V + ing: to work working, to read reading.
, , ( ), :
| Reading English books every day will improve your knowledge of the language. | . |
| I remember hearing this song in my childhood. | , . |
.
| Tense Voice | Active | Passive |
| Indefinite | telling | being told |
| Perfect | having told | having been told |
. 1. , :
| Indefinite Tense | Perfect Tense |
| He likes telling fairy-tales. . He liked telling fairy-tales. . | He is proud of having done the work. , . He was proud of having done the work. , . |
. 2. , . :
1. I remember () having read the book before. 2. She likes sitting in the sun. 3. He talked without stopping. 4. Can you remember having seen the man before? 5. I avoided () speaking to them about that matter. 6. Excuse my interrupting () you. 7. Excuse my having interrupted you. 8. They accuse () him of having robbed () the house.
|
|
|
| Active Voice | Passive Voice |
| , /, . | , /, . |
| 1. I am looking forward to sending my children to the country. , . 2. I object to her asking such questions. ( ), . | 1. I am looking forward to being sent to the country. , . 2. I object to her being asked about it. , . |
. 3. , :
1. I am against being helped in this work, I can do it myself. 2. They are against helping him. 3. Mankind () is interested in atomic energy being used only in peaceful purposes (). 4. I never mind () seeing a good film twice. 5. He keeps asking me the time and I keep telling him to buy himself a watch. 6. She doesnt like being interrupted. 7. They must not come to the party without being invited.
