, , : a young man , a young woman , , young people , with a young man . : long, long er, long est , , .
. , : big , short , black , red . , : natur al , in correct , un natur al .
:
-ful: use ful , doubt ful ;
-less: help less , use less ;
-ous: fam ous , danger ous ;
-al: form al , centr al ;
-able, -ible: eat able , access ible .
:
un-: un happy , un equal ;
in-: in complete , in different .
, : dark-blue -, snow-white .
:
The large box is on the table. .
()
The box is large. .
( )
, , . , , , -s :
| There are special schools forthe blind in our country. Immediate help was rendered tothe sick. | . . |
| N. B. | : man, men; woman, women; person, persons; people . .: a blind man ; a blind woman ; two blind persons ; a poor man ; two poor men . |
, , , . , -an, -ian (Russian , German . .), , , . -s:
| a Russian a German a Norwegian an American | two Russians two Germans two Norwegians two Americans |
. :
|
|
|
| the Russians the Norwegians | the Bulgarians the Germans |
, -se - ss (Chine se , Swi ss . .), , , . -s. . :
| a Chinese a Japanese a Swiss | two Chinese two Japanese two Swiss | the Chinese the Japanese the Swiss |
| N. B. | , , man, woman, men, women: | |
| an Englishman a Frenchman a Scotchman a Dutchman | an Englishwoman a Frenchwoman a Scotchwoman a Dutchwoman | two Englishmen three Frenchwomen two Scotchmen two Dutchmen |
| : a Spaniard , ; two Spaniards . |
, , : , . , , - y, - e, - er, - ow, - er, - est.
| small | smaller | smallest |
| easy | easier | easiest |
, ( -y, -e, -er, -ow) more , most , , .
| MORE MOST | ||
| interesting | more interesting | most interesting |
| easily | more easily | most easily |
| active | more active | most active |
, , .
| good well | better | best , |
| bad badly* | worse | worst , |
| little little | less | least , |
| many much | more | most , |
| far far | farther ( ), further ( ) | farthest ( ), furthest ( ) |
|
|
|
* , -ly, more most, : correct ly more correct ly most correct ly .
- : http://study-english.info/adjective.php#ixzz2R5c4INcd
http://study-english.info/
:
1. .. : . 6- ., _ .: , 2008. -544 . . 98- 107 . 126-135 ( )
2. .. I , 1 . : , 2001, 50.
.33, 34 .1-3. () .33-39 . 4,5 ()
:
, :
1. .., .., .. . 2- . .I. .:, 2012.640 . : .102 .6-8, 110 .10-13, .149 20, .160 .16
7
: 1.2. Indefinite (Present & Future Indefinite)
1:
:
| THE PRESENT SIMPLE (INDEFINITE) TENSE | ||
| I (we, you, they) ask. He (she, it) asks. | I amasked. He (she, it) isasked. You (we, they) are asked. | |
| Do I (we, you, they) ask? Doeshe (she, it) ask? | Am I asked? Is he (she, it) asked? Are you (we, they) asked? | |
| I (we, you, they) do not ask. He (she, it) does not ask. | I am notasked. He (she, it) is not asked. You (we, they) are not asked. |
| THE PRESENT SIMPLE (INDEFINITE) TENSE | ||
| / | ||
| , ( every day , usually , often , never . .) | I often write letters to my sister. . | |
| , | Water freezes at zero. 0. | |
| ( at first , then , , after . .) | I come to the office, look through the mail and then write letters. , , . | |
| : if , when ,as soon as , before . Future Indefinite | As soon as I writethe letter, Ill post it immediately. , . | |
| , ( , , , , ) | He comes tomorrow. . When does the ceremony take place? ? | |
| , , , Continuous (to see, to hear, to recognize, to want, to understand .) | I seea ship in the distance. . |
3- Present Simple -s (-es) ( to): to run run s .
-es , , . . -o, -s, -ss, -x, -ch, -sh: to go go es , to miss miss es , to mix mix es , to catch catch es . . , -y 3- -y -i- + -es: to cry , cr ies , . -y , : to pla y pla y s .
|
|
|
to do ( 3- does). not ( : do not = don't, does not = doesn't). : Do you speak English? -? I don't know this word. .
does 3- Present Simple, ( to) -s (-es) : Does he speak German? -? He doesn't understand anything. .
Present Simple: Yes, I (we, you, they) do. Yes, he (she, it) does. .
Present Simple: No, I (we, you, they) don't. No, he (she, it) doesn't. .
to be to do .
to be (am/is/are) : Am I wrong? ? Is he ill? ? Are you all right? ?
to be (am/is/are) not ( : is not = isn't, are not = aren't): He is not at home. . They are not ready today. .
to have ( 3- has) to do, : Have you a car? = Do you have a car? ? Has he a pencil? = Does he have a pencil? ? do (does).
: have not = haven't, has not = hasn't: I haven't a car. = I don't have a car. .
| THE FUTURE SIMPLE (INDEFINITE) TENSE | ||
| I (he, she, it, we, you, they) will ask. (I (we) shall ask.) | I (he, she, it, we, you, they) will be asked. (I (we) shall be asked.) | |
| Will I (he, she, it, we, you, they) ask? (Shall I (we) ask?) | Will I (he, she, it, we, you, they) be asked. (Shall I (we) be asked.) | |
| I (he, she, it, we, you, they) will not ask. (I (we) shall not ask.) | I (he, she, it, we, you, they) will not be asked. (I (we) shall not be asked.) |
| N. B. | shall , ( will): I will answer you question. . shall , . shall , : Shall I open the window? ? , shall , (""). 3- : He shall do it! ! will shall - "l" - 'll: I'll be back! ! : will not = won't (shall not = shan't - ): That won't do any good! ! |
|
|
|
| THE FUTURE SIMPLE (INDEFINITE) TENSE | ||
| / | ||
| , . , ( , tomorrow , in a week , next month . .) | He will return to Moscow in a few days. . | |
| They will come home, have their dinnerand then go to the cinema. , , . | ||
| , , , , , | Water will boil at 100 C. () 100 . Winter will followautumn. () . |
| N. B. | Future Present: Present Simple (Indefinite) Future Simple (Indefinite), Present Continuous (Progressive) Future Continuous (Progressive), Present Perfect Future Perfect. , : I will come if I have time. , ( ). I will tell him about it when I see him. , ( ). |
| N. B. | (""), will, , : , , , , . . Present. : I will go to London this summer. . I go to London this summer. . , , . |
- : http://study-english.info/futuresimple.php#ixzz2R5guLkX4
http://study-english.info/
:
1. .. : . 6- ., _ .: , 2008. -544 . . 137-167 .169-204
:
2. .. I , 1 . : , 2001, 50.
.45 .1-5, .47 .4, .48 .6,7.
:
, : .., .., .. . 2- . .I. .:, 2012.640 .
: Present Indefinite- .82 .2-4, .83 .9. .89 .2,3, 90 .4,5, .91 .9, .93. .17, .110 .8.
Future Indefinite- .129 .2-4, .130 .5-7, .133 .13.
8
: 2.1. .
2: .
:
:
.. I , 3 . : , 2002, 48.
.7-8 .2-5 . 10 .6,7 ( )
:
,
.. I , 3 . : , 2002, 48.
.10 .8
9
: 1.2. Indefinite (Past Indefinite)
1:
:
| THE PAST SIMPLE (INDEFINITE) TENSE | ||
| / | ||
| , - | Yesterday I wrote a letter to my sister. . | |
| ( every day , often , at first . .) | He wrote letters to his parents every day. . | |
| Past Simple used to + , | He used to play football. . | |
| He camehome, had his dinner and went to bed at once. , . |
|
|
|
Past Simple (Indefinite) -ed (to start start ed ), (to begin began ).
| -ED | ||
| / | ||
| - | to place placed | |
| -y, , -y -i- | to cry cried | |
| -y , -y | to play played | |
| , ( ), | to stop stopped | |
| , , , | to permit permitted ; : to limit limited ( ) | |
| -l, -l , | to travel travelled , to cancel cancelled , | |
| , , -l , | compelled ; : traveled , canceled |
| -ED : | ||
| [ d ] | ( d) | lived[livd], informed [inf:md] |
| [ t ] | ( t) | helped [helpt], asked [:skt] |
| [ id ] | d t | waited [weitid], intended [intendid] |
Past Simple (Indefinite) to do did ( ). ( did Past Simple (Indefinite) ). did . did not. did not didn't:
Did you see him yesterday? ?
He did not (= didn't) understand the new material. .
Past Simple (Indefinite) : Yes, I (he, she, it, we, you, they) did. .
Past Simple (Indefinite) : No, I (he, she, it, we, you, they) didn't. .
to be did .
to be (was/were) : Was I wrong? ? Was he ill? ? Were you all right? ?
to be (was/were) not ( : was not = wasn't, were not = weren't): He was not at home. . They were not ready yesterday. .
