.


:




:

































 

 

 

 





36. 11. 063 .3 535-8.

.3 . , . , .

:

() 0,14 0,22%,

(Mn) 0,4 0,65%,

(Si) 0,15 0,3%,

(S) 0,05%,

() 0,04%,

(Cr) 0,3%,

(Ni) 0,3%,

(Cu) 0,3%,

(N) 0,008%,

(As) 0,08%.

:

s = 380-490

= 24 /2..

[1] " ". . ... .: , 1989 .

 

3.4.

, . 200 . , 0,14 . .3.1 .

 

 

3.1.

.

,
, . , . , . , . , .
1.0 < 10 10-2000 1500-100000 75000-200000  
1.02.5 < 10 10-1000 1000-50000 50000-100000  
2.55.0 < 10 10-500 500-35000 35000-75000  
5.010 < 10 10-300 300-25000 25000-50000  
10 < 10 10-200 200-10000 10000-25000  

 

, .

, . .

3.110874 : 20< . ≤40 .

. = /,

; . . , .

. , .

 

3.5.

2590-88 2591-88. .

 

2590-88.

:

:

 

D=1,414* =1,414*25=35,35

,

= 25 .

 

= 36 +0,4-0,75 [6] .81, . 11.

D=36,4 .

 

:

Ø 36 68 Z .=0,7 , [22. .29], . 4.

 

[22. .30]

 

L =L+2 *Z ..

,

L = 68 .

:

L =68+2*0,7= 69,470 .

14 . : L =70h14(-0,74)

, 70 .

 

.

G = Y*V

Y7,85 /3 - 3 535-88.

V = l* R2*π .

: l=7 .

R=D/2=3,64/2=1,82

 

:

G... = 7,85*7*1,822* π=571,82=0,57

 

, 7000

X=(L l. - l)/(l + l)

 

: L =7000 .

l.=(0,30,5)*Ø.= 0,3*36,4= 10,92

[22. .33]

l=(0,91,2)*Ø.= 0,9*36,4= 32,76 , [22. .34].

l=70

l=6,5 [22. .33].

:

X=(7000-10,92-32,76)/(70+6,5)=90,93.

90.

:

L= L- X* (l + l) = 7000-90*(70+6,5)=115

7000.

.=(l. + l + l *+ L)*100/7000

.= (10,92+32,76+6,5*90+115)*100/7000=10,62%

, 4000

X=(4000-10,92-32,76)/(70+6,5)=51,71.

51.

L= L- X* (l + l) = 4000-51*(70+6,5)=98,5

4000.

.=(l. + l + l *+ L)*100/4000

.= (10,92+32,76+6,5*51+98,5)*100/4000=11,84%

 

: 7000, 7000.

.

 

G.= G +(G * .)

G .= G *(100+ .)/100=0,57 *(100+10,62)/100=0,63

 

:

:

= G / G = 0,14/0,63= 0,22

G =0,14 .

:

. = [ * G (G - G)*]*./1000

=143 1 [22. .87], . 20

= 28,1 1 [22. .89], . 22

.=100 .

: . =[143*0,63 (0,63-0,14)*28,1]*100/1000=7,63.

 

2591-88.

:

= 25 +0,4-0,5 2591-88.

=25,4 .

 

:

□25 68 Z .=0,7 , [22. .29], . 4.

[22. .30]

L =L+2 *Z ..

,

L = 68 .

:

L =68+2*0,7= 69,470 .

14 . : L =70h14(-0,74)

, 70 .

.

G = Y*V

Y7,85 /3 - 3 535-88.

V = l* 2 .

: l=7 .

=2,54

 

:

G... = 7,85*7*2,542=354,52=0,35

 

, 7000

X=(L l. - l)/(l + l)

: L =7000 .

l.=(0,30,5)*□.= 0,3*25,4= 7,62 [22. .33].

l=(0,91,2)*□.= 0,9*25,4= 22,86 , [22. .34].

l=70

l=6,5 [22. . 33].

:

X=(7000-7,62-22,86)/(70+6,5)=91,1.

91.

L= L- X* (l + l) = 7000-91*(70+6,5)=38,5

7000.

.=(l. + l + l *+ L)*100/7000

.= (7,62+22,86+6,5*91+38,5)*100/7000=9,43%

, 4000

X=(4000-7,62-22,86)/(70+6,5)=51,88.

51.

:

 

L= L- X* (l + l) = 4000-51*(70+6,5)=98,5

 

4000.

.=(l. + l + l *+ L)*100/4000

.= (7,62+22,86+6,5*51+98,5)*100/4000=11,51%

 

: 7000, 7000.

.

G.= G +(G * .)

 

G .= G *(100+ .)/100=0,35 *(100+9,43)/100=0,38

 

:

:

= G / G = 0,14/0,38= 0,37

G =0,14 .

:

 

. = [ * G (G - G)*]*./1000

 

=143+143*0,3=185,9 1 ( 30% )

= 28,1 1 [22. .89], . 22

.=100 .

: . =[185,9*0,38 (0,38-0,14)*28,1]*100/1000=6,38.

 

- :

 

( ) :

 

= ( . - .) *N

= (7,63-6,38) *200= 250 .

:

N=200

 

3.6.

 

  8661
  - - 1616
  - 682
  - 682
  - 2125
  7409
  2-2-16001000 10905-86

 

, .

010 12 35.





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