| a) numerous b) recent c) behaviours d) engage e) core f) cognitive g) furthermore h) sample |
14. patterns of life and thought
15. main
16. gnostic
17. latest
18. multitudinous
19. example
20. moreover
21. occupy
VI. , o : , true, , F false, .
22. Engineers can`t specialize in one type of technology.
23. Research suggests that there are several key themes present in engineers work.
24. Research shows that engineers spend 55.8% of their time engaged in various different information behaviours.
VII. .
25. Materials engineering _______ceramic.
a) including b)have included c) includes
26. Several recent studies____________ the work tasks engineers perform.
a) has investigated b) have investigated c) were investigated
27. The time engineers spend engaged in such activities_________ in the competencies required in engineering roles.
a) have reflected b) are reflected c) is reflected
28. There _____________ considerable overlap between these different types of work.
a) was b) were c)are
29. Research______________ the critical nature of their personal attributes.
a) has demonstrated b) have demonstrated c) having demonstrated
VIII. .
30. Most engineers specialize______ one or more engineering disciplines.
a)at b) from c) in
31. Civil engineering,_________ example, includes structural and transportation engineering.
a) for b) of c) in
32. Engineers spend 49.66% __________their time engaged in computer-based work.
a) by b) of c)about
IX. .
33. __________of their time engineers spend engaged in technical work.
a) many b) most c) few
34. The more experienced the engineer is the _________he earns.
a) many b)a lot of c)more
35. The _________part of his research is devoted to the properties of materials.
a) a great b) most great c) greatest
X. ().
Engineering ethics
Engineers have obligations to the public, their clients, employers and the profession. Many engineering societies have established codes of practice and codes of ethics to guide members and inform the public at large. Each engineering discipline and professional society maintains a code of ethics, which the members pledge to uphold. Depending on their specializations, engineers may also be governed by specific statute, whistleblowing*, product liability laws, and often the principles of business ethics.
Some graduates of engineering programs in North America may be recognized by the Iron Ring or Engineer's Ring, a ring made of iron or stainless steel that is worn on the little finger of the dominant hand. This tradition began in 1925 in Canada with The Ritual of the Calling of an Engineer, where the ring serves as a symbol and reminder of the engineer's obligations for the engineering profession. In 1972, the practice was adopted by several colleges in the United States including members of the Order of the Engineer.
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|
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*,
3) : JOB HUNTING ۻ
: , ( , , ).
References
1. Kemper, John Dustin, Billy R. Sanders Engineers and their profession. 5th ed. New York, Oxford University Press, 2001. 346 p.
2. Heads: Business Lessons from an Executive Search Pioneer by Russell S. Reynolds, Jr., with Carol E. Curtis, 2012, McGraw-Hill Professional;
3. http://www.jhu.edu/~virtlab/index.php
4. http://www.wikihow.com
5. www.wikipedia.org
