some, any, no, every ( somewhere, anyhow . ., .):
'They need to feel that they are doing something new. I've got a feeling that if anyone gives them a lead, they'll forgive him a lot. They may not like everything he's doing, but they'll be ready to forgive him.' (Snow)
'Nothing whatever was said?' 'Not a word.' (Powell)
, , ; . , , (. ; . . , . . , . . .).
, ; , . , , , . . , , all, each, every, everything, everybody, everyone, several .
, , (., , all each). , other, others; certain a certain person, , . , certain ; other, , , .
much, many, little, few. , . , : , , (. 1.3.5), : There is much to do. There is little doubt about it. : . There had been so much activity in the last few years. (Wilson) We walked a few yards further. (Snow)
. . , .
1.5.9. . , .
,
(. 1.5.2). -body, -one, other :
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The subject of everybody's talk.;...to try to win anyone's favour.}... looked into the other's face. (Poutsma)
other, : The others, who had been listening soberly, did not want to argue. (Snow)
. : , , , some, any, no, every. , , every. , , some, any, each, other.
. , . , , , . : , . , , , , . . , ; , . ; . ; .
(). , (My brother works in a hospital; he is a surgeon), . .
1.6.1. . . . ,
, . . , . : , , , (): A chair is a piece of furniture. He wrote a letter. He will soon recover. , , () , , - ( ) . ; (Finite) , : .
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, ; , . . , . , , ; , more, most (1.2.8, 1.3.3).
1.6.2. . , : , , , , ( . . ), . . : to blackmail ( blackmailing); to seabatke ( sea-bathing).
. : -en: to redden, to strengthen. : -fy: to magnify, to dignify; -ise: to fraternise, to mobilise.
1.6.3. . , : .
, ( ) , , : /d / saved /seivd/, echoed /'ekoud/; / t / looked /lukt/ /id/ loaded /'loudid/. -ed.
, .
, . , , , , . . , , . , , .
: to put, to let, to hit, to cast.
, , : to keep kept kept, to weep wept wept.
: am is are; was were.
1.6.4. . . , , . , .
. ; , o , , - : . I have lost my umbrella, to lose have , (1.0.5).
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. , . . , () - . , - . - . to be, to keep to become, to get, to turn .
, . . . , . ,
.
. , (1.6.8); . ; .
- (2.0.7).
1.6.5. . (. 1.0.4), . , . , , : , . , , to arrive, to bring, to catch, to break, to discover; (to arrive), ; , , , . . ; , , : to sleep, to live, to belong, to enjoy. , , . . , , , : to consist, to be, to love, to stand, to lie . .
, , : to laugh, to feel, to move, to walk, to look:
Then, from the first court, Crawford walked smoothly into view. (Snow) The rain swept his face and he moved away quickly. (R. Williams) ;
He mould have to walk the five miles north. (R. Williams)... the long road into the town. Nothing moved along it, except the bare trees in the wind. (R. Williams) .
, , , , .
- , .
; , , .
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1.6.6. . / , , . , . , , , .
, . : , , . , : . he approached ( ), he was approaching ( ).
1.6.7. . , , , . , . , , ; , , (, , to be '', ).
. , , , , , , , .
1.6.8. . , . , : ., , . , , . ., , ... , (, , , ), , .
. , , , ; came, stopped, looked . .
, : he came, the train stopped, they looked,
, : was, were.
: , : am, is, are. , : comes, looks. : -s , , -s: , , , : I look. -s , , they look -s. , -s . , , , , : the train stop-s, the train-s stop. , .
, , : shall, will. , , . , : -, - 'll, ; -, -' ll, will (. 1.6.12.3).
, , . ( ). , : ain't; I'se. , -s ( ) , :
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CLIFFE: What do you do with yourself? BOY: I go to the races in me top hat. CLIFFE: Then? BOY: I reads till they puts the lights out. (R. Jenkins)
1.6.9. . c . .
(tenses) (time), . , . ; . , , ; , , , , () . : , .
: . , ; .
(tense) , , , . , , ; , , ( ), . , ; , , . : .
, . , , , , . , . , ; , , (. 1.6.12.2). . ; :
As we drank Brown's health, I caught his dark, vigilant eye. He had tamed Winslow for the moment; he w as show-ing Jago at his best... (Snow)
had tamed was showing , ; ,
drank caught, , . e. .
; , , , .
, . , , , , . , ( ), () , . .
, () , . (), .
1.6.10. . , , , . , , . . , I dine with sister, , , : Tomorrow I dine with my sister. , , , : I dine with my sister at home.; I dine with my sister because she likes it... .
: I always buy it at the same shop. , (Indefinite) . always , , same.
-, . , , , , .
1.6.11. . 1: (Indefinite), (Continuous), (Perfect), - (Perfect Continuous). , , . ; ; , , , .
1.6.12. . , , ;
do; .
, : look, he look-s; looked.
1.6.12.1. . . Indefinite. , , . , Indefinite : , , ( ) .
, , . , , , , . : Water boils at 100 .
, , - , : In the bird
1 , , , : , , ...
world, of course, one finds homes of every shape and size. (G. Durrell) , , , ; : The reporter stands gazing fervently at Perkin for a second, then grasps his hand and shakes it vigorously... (H. Livings)
; , : As the bat flies along, it emits a continuous succession of supersonic squeaks... (G. Durrell)
: Only two days more. Audrey goes on Wednesday. (Christie)