. cpoo . . , , .
9.1. (. .)
; (. )
P9.2. (. .) (. .)
, , . . , , : ∆., , ∆.
∆=∆.+∆. (9.1)
, . ∆.
. ( ) . , . . .
, (∆.) , .
, (∆.)> , .
(.9.1 ), p1 ( ) 5 ( ). .
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, , h, :
(9.2)
(. 9.1, ), II,
∆.=g[(h3-h2)(p3-p2)+(h2-h1)(p4-p1) (9.3)
(pnc. 9.2) , ,
∆.=g[(h5-h4)(p3-p2)+(h4-h3)(p3-p1)+(h3-h2)(p4-p1)+(h2-h1)(p4-p5)]
∆.=g[h5(p3-p2)+h4(p2-p1)+h3(p4-p3)+h2(p1-p5)+h1(p5-p4)] (9.4)
, II ( ). , ( , 1<5).
(9.4) , :
∆.=g∑h i (P i+ 1-P i) (9.5)
: , , N , , , .
, , ( , ). (. .4 pc. 9.2) .
, ∆. , , .
9.2
, . ( ), , , , . , (∆.) , .
1.
. . 9.3 . . / , // - (), /// (). . ( ) . - (, - ), (, ). , . . , ; . (. ) .
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.9..
I , II- , III ( ; III )
, G, /, , ,
(9.6)
Q=∑Q , , ( Q 3,6), , , ; β1 β2 [4,187 /(}]; ∆t .
, Q ∆t=t-t
t to . , , t3 (.9.3))
. i- :
(9.7)
∑Q, ( ).
. 9.3 I, t3. , t3 ( 3) h3, t2 ( 2) h2.
, h2+h2+h1 (. 9.3), , ,
g(h3 p3+ h2 p2+ h1 p0)
p0 to .
(. . . 9.3) t)
g(h3 p+ h2 p+ h1 p)
t .
- ( / // . 9.3), ,
∆.=g[ h3 (p3-p)+ h2 (p2-p)+ h1 (p0-p)] (9.8)
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9.8), , ∆P. .
∆P. ( , ), 1
∆.=βg[ h3 (p3-p)+ h2 (p2-p)+ h1 (p0-p)] (9.9)
;
(9.9) Q3(h3 + h2 + h1)+Q2(h2 + h1)+Q1 h1 Q3 hIII +Q2 hII +Q1 hI, h3 + h2 + h1=hIII, . . (. . 9.3).
(9.10)
h III h II h I ///, // / .
N
(9.11)
Q ihi i- hi .
( /// . 9.3) ( ), ( ), , .
9.8)
∆.=g[ h3 (p3-p)+ h2 (p2-p)+ h1 (p0-p)] (9.12)
(9.8) (9.12) , h1<h1 0,5 h p. (9.11) hi, , .
, , . 0,5 h p ( /// . 9.3), ( t t)
(9.13)
, /3, t t ( /// . 9.3 t=t, t<t3 ).
(9.13)
. . , /3, .
, . G, Qp, t. G.=G G , t. ( ), ( ). (, t3 ) .
. 9.4 ( - )
. I - ; . II
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, , .
( - ). . 9.4 . / - (), // (). .
. - , - . . , , , .
. 9.5. ( )
. I ; . II - ; . Ill
(9.6) (9.7).
. , - /
∆.=g[ h3 (p3-p)+ h2 (p2-p)+ h1 (p0-p)] (9.14)
(9.11) , hi ( / // 9.4).
// (9.13) (9.13). ( .9.4) // , , . , () , , , . (9.14) .
) . . 9.5 , ( /), - ( //) ( ///). , , .
(9.6) (9.7). ∆. (9.11) (. . 9.5) , N :
∆.=g[ h N+1(p0-pN+1)+ h N(p0-pN)+..+ h2 (p0-p2)+ h1 (p0-p1) (9.15)
(9.15) tN+1, t .
/// ( 9.5) (9.13) (9.13). , .
. , , , . , ( ) . , .
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:
1) , , , ;
2) , . .
2.
. , . . .
. 9.6 (. 9.6 ), N- (. 9.6,). , , . 2 .
[. (9.8)]
∆I.=g h 1(po-p) (9.16)
h 1 .
∆II.=g(h 1+ h 2)(po-p) (9.17)
h 2 .
N-
∆N.=g(h 1+ h 2++ h N)(po-p) (9.18)
, , - , , , . . 9.6 . .
. 9.6 () ()
, , , , . , , () , . .
3.
, , . , ( ).
, ( . 9.7 , ) - ( . 9.7 ), [ (9.16) (9.18)]:
∆I.=g h 1(po-p)
∆II.=g(h 1+ h 2)(po-p)
. .
( . 9.7, ) ( , , ). , . , (7.30):
∆.=g h (-) (9.19)
h ' (. 9.7).
(9.16) (9.18) , p. 9.7, .
, , 9.18) ; .
. 9.7.
, - , , , ;
, . , , .
9.3
, , . ( ), .
, ( ), ( ) - . , , .
∆
∆=∆+∆ (9.20)
∆=∆+(∆.+∆.) (9.20)
∆ , ; ∆. ∆. , ( ) ; , (<1).
, , . . .
: 1) ; 2) , . .