.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


1940- - 1950-




 

. " ". - . . . . . . .

 

31. " ". . 1960- .

 

" ". "". . . - . . . . . . . "". .

 

32. 1970-

. 1980-

 

. . . . 1980-. 1980-1985. 1985-1990.

 

33. XX XXI .

 

. . 1990-1995. 1996-2003.

 

34.

 

. . . . . . .

 

 

.. ,
1. XVII-XVIII .  
  XIX .  
  XIX  
  XX  
  XX  
   
  :  

 

1648-2005 .

 

  1. (.XVII-XVIII .)
  2. XVIII .
  3. XVIII-XIX .
  4. , ,
  5. 1813-1814 .
  6. (1830)
  7. 1848 .
  8. III
  9. . III.
  10. .
  11. .
  12. .
  13. - .
  14. - .
  15. .
  16. - 1877-1878 .
  17. 1878 .
  18. - ( 1879 .).
  19. .
  20. 90- XIX .
  21. .
  22. - .
  23. .
  24. . -- (1908-1911 .).
  25. .
  26. .
  27. . .
  28. 1920- .
  29. .
  30. .
  31. .
  32. .
  33. . .
  34. .
  35. .
  36. " ".
  37. - .
  38. 1960- . .
  39. 1970- (-1, ).
  40. 1970-1980- .
  41. .
  42. (XX XXI .).
  43. 2001-2005
  44. .
  45. .
  46. - .

 

1

1

 

1. . . , .

2. , .

 

1 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 2 - ʸ , - - 3. ʸ -, , -,
4. - - , - , - - - ., , - 5. - - 6. - . , () - , -
7. , . , . . , - . 8 , . () - 9 , .
10 - - , - 11 (12?) , - - - - , 12 (13?)
13 (14?) - - - - - -- - - -- -- - - 14 (15?) -- 15 (16?) . -
16 (17) 17 ( 18) - , . - - - , - 18 ( 19) , - - , . , . -
19 ( 20) , . - - - 20 () 21 - - -
22 - 23 24
25 26 - 27 -
28 - - - 29 , . ʸ - - , . -  

2

1. . , .

2. , .

 

1. 1492 - 1494-1559 - 1497-1499 - 1519-1522 - 1618-1648 - 1644 - , . (. ) 1645 - . (- ) 1647-1648 - 1648, 24 - 1648 - 1648 - 1650-1651 - .. 1659, 7 - 1697-1699 - .. 1608-1609 - 1618-1623 - 1625-1629 - 1630-1635 - 1635-1648 - - 1638 - 1640, - 1644 - 1645 - 1648, 24 - 1659, 7 -
2. 1655 - IV; II 1667 - 1667-1668 - 1668 - 1672-1679 - 1675 " " 1679 - 1682-1725 I 1686 - , III . , , , , 1688 - " " 1688 -1697 - 1697 - 1697-1718 XII 1697-1733 - II 1698 - I II 1699 - 1699-1730 - IV 1700, 3 - 1700, - 1700-1721 - 1701-1713 - ( ) 1709, - ʸ , 1713, - 1715, 1714 - 1705-1711 - I 1706 - . XII 1709, 24 1709, - I II 1709 - 1711-1740 - VI 1713 1713 1715 - 1718, - 1721- .
3. 1713 1731-1740 I 1733 II 1733, 24 1733-1738 - 1734, III 1736 - XV ( ) 1738 - . 1739 - , . . 1739 . 1740, VI; II 1740-1748 - 1741 , 1742, - II .1744 - II 1742, 25 - VII 1743 - - 1745 VII 1745 .. 1746 1745-1765 ( I), 1748, - . , , - . 1756, 1 - 1756, 19 - - 1756 - . 1756-1763 - 1757 1757, - , II - 1758 - , 1759 - ; 1761- " " 1761 1762 ; III 1779 -
4. 1775 - 1775 1777 1776 " , " 2 1776 ( 4 ) 1776 2 1 1776-1778 " " 30 . , 100 , 200 , 20 . , 21 . .1777 34 . 4 . 1777 - ; .1777 1778, 6 1778 - 1779 ; -, 1780 - 1781 - ; 1782 - . 1783 -
5. 1774 1787, - 27 1790 - 1790, - 1791, 29 - 7 1792 - . 1792, 10 - .1793 1793, 1 ; 1793, - . , , , , , .. 1793 - 25 1793 - 1793, 31 -1793, 2 - , 24 1793 , 1793, 1794 - 1795 - 1796 II 1794, 27 - .1794 - 1795, 5 - - . 1795, - 1795, 22 - 1795 - 1797 .. 1799, 18 (9 ) 1800, - 1801, 12 I 1801 - 1801 - 1802, 19 I 1802 -
6. 1800 1801, 8 - 1801, - " " . 1803, 12 1804 1804 - . - 1805, 20 - 1805, 13 1805, 2 - 1806, 1805, 26 - 1806, ; 1806 1807, 14 - 1807, 25 1807 - ; 1807, - () 1808, 12 I 1808 1809, 1809, - 1811, 1811, - 1812, 16 - 1812, 12 - 1812, 8 .. 1812, 7 ( ) - 1813 (15 ) - 1813, . 1813, 28 - - - -, 1813, - 1814, 1 - () . - , , .
7. 1814, 1815, - 1815, 3 - , 1815, 19 ; " " 1815, 9 - 1815, 26 - . , I, 1815, - XVIII 1815 - I 1830-1831 - ;
8 1818, , , () 1818, - 1818, 1 - , , 1818, 30 . 1820, - 1821 (12 ) - 1821 (-) 1822, . 1821-1822 1822 1822, 1 - 1823, - 1823, 25 , , , 1823, . 1823, - . 1823, 2 . , .1823 , .. 1824-1825 .1825 - , 1825, - I 1826, 4 - 1826, - 1826, 1 - 7 1826 1827, 1827, 20 - 1827, 1828 10 - . 1828, 7 - 1828, - .. 1929, 11 .. 1829, - 1829, 14 1830 (25 ) - X, ; 1830, 1830 - 1831, 1831, 1895 - " "
9 1830, 4 1831, 4 - 1831, 15 , , , , 1831 .1832 1833, - I ; 1832, 21 - 1832 - - 1833, - - 1833, 8 - - - . 1833 - 1833, 15 - ., 1834, - ., 1832, 1839, 1839, . - 1839 17 II 1840, 15 - , , 1840, 17 1840 1841 - , , , , 1844, I 1846, - ; . ., - . 1846, - I , 1848
10 1848, 22 1848, 18 -- 1848, 27 - 1848, 1 1848, 10 - 1849, I 1849, I - 1850, 2 , , 1850, 29 . 1850 .1853 I 1853, 9 I - . 1853, - III 1853, 21 .. 1853, 4 - 1853, 21 - 1853, 4 1853, 30 1854, 4 ׸ 1854, 12 - , 1854, 27 1854, 28 - 1854, 10 - . 1854, 2 - ., 1855, - I; II 1855, - ; 1855, 27 1855, - - 1855, 1856, 1856, 25 1856, 30 1857 - 1858, 1858, 20 . 1858 - 1859, 19 - 1859, 23 - 1860, 1860, 22 : , 1861 1862 24 1862, 29 1862 III .1862 1863, 17 - 1863, , -
11 (12?) 1845 ; 1848 1860 - ; . 1861, 1861, - ; 1861, 11 1861 17 1861, 3 - 1861, - 1861, - 1861, - "" "-" 1861, . - , 1861, 31 ., , --, ., 1862, 1862 - . , , 10 , 160 1861, 28 - .. . 1862, "" 1862, 22 - . " " 1862, - III - , 1862, 30 - . 1863, 1 - " " 1863, 23 - - .. 1863, - -, . - -
12 (13?) 1863, - , 1815 .1863 - 1865, 13 - - 1863, - ; 1864, 12 1865, 14 - . 1865, . III 1866 8 - 1866, 16 - 1866, - 1866, 26 - 1866, 23 - 1870 -
13 (14?) 1866, 8 -- 1866, - 1867, 8 - . 1867, .. 1867, 7 - 1867, 1868 , . 1870, - , ; 1870, 12 , 1870, 15 - 1870, 20 - 1870, 1870,1 120- 1870, 2 - 1871, 14 - 1870, 31 - 1871,
14 (15?) 1861, 19 - 1869 1872, - I, II - , - 1873, - .. II . 1873, . - . 1873, 6 - - 1873, . I - 1873 1874, - ; 1875, . 1875, 20 - .. .. 1875, 22 - - . II 1875, 1875, .. - - 1875 - " 1875 " 1875, , 1856, 1875, 18 - , - - 1876, 31 - ; 1876, II 1876 13 - 1876, - 1876, ( ) II 1876, - 1876, -
15 (16?) 1877, 24 - II 1877, - .. , .1876 .. II: " . , , " 1877, . - - 1877, .. ..: ", , " 1877, 19 - .. 1878, 1877, - , II 1877, 1877, 24 - 1878, 8 - 1878, 31 " " . 1878, 8 1878, 15 1878, 3 - 1878, 30 - . - 1878, 4 . 1878, 13 - 1878, 14 - 30 1878 .
16 (17) 1850 .. 1870-, . . 1875, 1875 - .. 1879 . ; 1879, .. 1879, .. . 1879, . - I II 1879, 7 - 1880 . 1885 1881, 1 - II; III 1881, 18 - , (" ") 1881 - 1881 - 1882, 8 .. 1882, -, , 1885 - . 1887, III, . -, 1888 - II 1890, - 1891, - 1891, - 1892, - 1893, - -
17 ( 18) C.XIX . - 100 . 1877 - 1879, - - ; 1882, - -, , 1886 - 1889 - ; 1893 - - 1893 - - ; 1894 - - 1895 - 1895 - 1898 - 1895, - 1897 - . 1898, - . ; 1898, 10 - . ; 1898 - .. 1899, - 1899, - 1899, - " " 1899, - 1899, - - - 1901, - - 1902, 31 - . 1902 - 1903, - 99 6 1903 - 1905 - .. 1916 - . 1942, 27 - ..
18 ( 19) 1873 1894 1895, ; . 1895 1900, - X. 1900, - 1900-1907 . - 1901, 26 - - 1901, - II - 1901, 1901, 14 1901, - 1903, - .. 1903, 26 - 1903, 23 1904, 6 - 1904, 8 - - -, 1905, 14 1905, 15 1905, 19 - 1905, 5 - . 1907 . -
19 ( 20) 1902, 1 - 1903, VII 1903, - 1904, - - .1904 - 1905¸9 1905, - II II - 1905, 11 - - 1905, 24 - II II .1906 - , 1906, - 1906, .. ; .. 31 1907 - -
20 1907 .1908 - , - 1908 - VII II 1908, - VII II 1908, , - 1908, - - .. 1908, 6 , 1909, .. , , 1910, .. ; ; .. .1910 - II II 1911, - ; 1911, 19 . 1911, 1 "" 1911, - . 1912 1912, 13 - 1912, - 1912, . 1912, - . 1912, 9 ; 1-
21 .1913-1914 - . 1913, 1914, - V 1914, , 1914, 28 1914, 20 - . 1914, 23 - 1914, 24 - ; 1914, 25 1914, 26 - , 1914, 28 - - 1914, 29 - - 1914, 29 II 1914, 30 - 1914, 30 10 1914, 31 - , 1914, 31 , , , 1914, 1 - ; 1914, 2 - - , , 1914, 3 , - 1914, 4 - 1914, 23 1914, 29 - .. " " 1914, 2 1915, 18 21 1915, 12 , 1915, 26 , ; 1915, 1915, 23 1915, 5 ., 1915, 1915, ., 1915, 14 1916, - ; .. 1916, 17 , 1916, 1916, 28 - 1916, - . 1916, 1917, 3 - 1917, 6 - 1917, -
22 1917, - ; 1917, II 1917, Ж1917, - 1917, , ; , 1917, 7 (.) - 1918, 8 VII () .. 1917 - 1917, 8 - .. 1917, 3 - . , , - . 1917, 15 . . 28 1917, 1918, 1917, 22 - ., . 1917, 22 -1917, 28 - 1918, 9 -1918, 10 - - 1918, 1 -1918, 2 - - 1918, - 1918, 15 - ; 1918, .. , 1917, 31 - 1918, 8 14 , , 1918, 9 - 200 1918, - 1918, 1918, - - 1918, 8 1918, 3 - 1918, - 1918, 1918, 3 - - 1918, 4 / 1918, 5 - . . 1918, 11 1918, 13 - 27 1918
23 1919, 12 ' 1919, 18 1919, . , " " 1919, 22 " " 1919, 4 1919, . .. 1919, 25 1919, 13 1919, 28 1921, 12
24 1919, - . . 1919, -1919, - 1919, -1920, 1920, - 1920, -1920, 1920, 10 - , . 1920, 25 - 1920, - . 1920, 1920, 12 - . 1920, - ..; 1920 - , , 1921, 28 - . 1921, 18 - . 1921 - . 1921-1922 - , 1922, 22 - ., , , , , , , , , 1922, 10 1922, 2 - 8 1922, 19 1922, 24 , , , , , , ; 1922, - - 1922, - 1922, 30 - 1923-1925 - " " 1923, - " " ; 1923, 10 - .. 1923, 11 - , , " .; , " 1923, 12 - " " 1923, 22 . - 1923, 26 - . , , 1923, - 1923, 1924, 2 , 1924, 8 1924, -




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