.


:




:

































 

 

 

 





( ) . , ( ). . :

, (replacement cost - RC);

, (net disposable value of the asset net realisable value -NRV);

() , , (present value-PV).

 

.

:

,

,

,

.

 

.

(repatriation of earnings) - . . . . . ; , . , - , (blocked currency blocked funds);

.

,

, :

,

,

.

(transfer prices) - , . .

(royalty) - , , , - . .

(management fees) - , .

. (, - ) , , - .

 

.

. , . , - , , , (, ), . (double taxation). (tax credits), .

, , , . , , -

- .

 

.

, , , , , . . - . (political risks), .

 

.

, , , , . ;

,

,

,

.

 

.

, , (exports) , (licensing) . . , , . , , - . , , , (opportunity cash flows).

 





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