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, . 6




1. What kind of room can you see in the picture?

2. What is the chemical laboratory furnished with?

3. What things are there on the first bench?

4. What is there in the middle of this bench?

5. What is the Bunsen burner connected with?

6. How can the flame of the burner be regulated?

7. What is the flask fixed to during experiments?

8. What is boiling in the flask?

9. What is Barbara doing?

10. Is David preparing for an experiment?

11. What is he doing?

12. When was he carrying out his experiment?

13. Why did Barbara purify the air in the laboratory?

1. Chemical laboratory.
2. It occupies a large room which is furnished with many long tables or benches as they are called.
3. There are a lot of things on the first bench.
4. Nearly in the middle there stands a Bunsen burner with a flask over it.
5. The Bunsen burner is connected with the main gas line by a rubber tube.
6. The flame of the burner is being regulated by means of' a tap.
7. During an experiment the flask is fixed to the ring-stand.
8. Some solution is boiling in the flask.
9. Barbara is preparing for an experiment at her bench. She is to get a new compound. Barbara is measuring some liquid in the measuring-glass. When the liquid is measured it is poured into a special vessel and is mixed with water. From time to time Barbara looks up at the solution which is boiling on the Bunsen burner.
10. No.
11. David is sitting at the table on the left near the window and is putting down the results of his experiments.
12. He was carrying out his experiments from 11 to 12 a. m.
13. Because a solution of the beginnings to boil away and to be poured on the torch.

 

WORD STUDY

10. , :

-en: length, strength, hard, light, wid(e), broad, bright:
-ify: solid, pur(e), simpl(e), intens(e), electr(ic), qual(ity)

-ize: magnet, organ, crystal, character, special, pressure)

11. -ion ,

illustrat(e), regulat(e), ventilat(e), condensat(e), demonstrate, accelerat(e), indicat(e), activat(e), concentrat(e)

12. , *** :

1. long length to lengthen
strong a strength to strengthen
high a - height to heighten

broad to broaden breadth
deep to deepen depth
wide to widen width
dark a to darken darkness
thick a to thicken thickness
light a to lighten lightness
black a to blacken blackness
weak a to weaken weakness

 

13. :

1. It is known that substances can be divided into several classes according to their states, colours, and odours.

2. Our chemical laboratory is furnished with a large variety of glass apparatus.

3. We were shown different sorts of chemical vessels without which no chemical experiment can be done.

4. It should be noted that there exist different kinds of compasses nd they are used in navigation, artillery, aviation and in some industries well.

5. Michurin developed a lot of new varieties of fruits.

6. An architect has several types of structural parts and elements and uses them for the production of buildings, and a chemist has several types of polymers which can be used in different combinations for the Production of different materials.

14. , :

1. Electronic and cybernetic devices form the basis for the solution of a great many economic and scientific problems.

2. Solutions are heated in a glass apparatus.
3. It is only within the las t century or two that the knowledge of the properties of metals made it possible to apply them for industrial purposes.

4. The processes of solidification can last several hours.

5. You are to present the result of your research in a week.

6.The nature and properties of a compound depend on the number and kind of atoms present

7.At present most scientists are working in groups, since the days of great individual discoveries are in the past.

15. , to look to turn:

to look at

to look after ,

to look up , ( )

to look for

to look through

to turn

to turn on

to turn off

1. The laboratory assistant looked at the measuring vessel and put down the readings.

2. You should look up this word in the dictionary.

3. Look through your notes and then start the experiment.

4. We were looking for a more simple method of solution but could not find it

5. In modem automatic enterprises men must only look after automatic units.

6. It got dark and I turned the light on.

7. Turn the switch and turn the ventilators off.

*16. , .

[1] It was here that a large scale production of synthetic rubber was first organized.

[1] Facts give a science its substance, but it is the theory which provides its strength.

[1] It is due to the close cooperation of physicists and chemists that new physical measurements were developed.

[1] It was Einstein who provided a new conception of time, space and gravitation.

[1] It is the hydroengineering complex which will protect St. Petersburg from floods.

17. .

18. , to be:

1. It is to be noted that automation today is an important factor of chemical industrial production. It is being introduced on a wide scale in all branches of industry and agriculture as well as in medicine and everyday life.

2. In close cooperation with industrial workers our scientists and engineers are developing a lot of new types of electronic and cybernetic devices. They are to become the basis for the solution of a great number of economic and scientific problems. They will be reliable helpers of engineers and scientists.

3. A great need of rubber for industry put a problem before scientists all over the world. And it was Russian science that solved this problem.

4. Chemical materials and products are of great importance for all branches of the national economy in our country.

5. There are a lot of test tubes of different sizes in any chemical laboratory.

19. . , .

Chemistry is the science of substances of their structure, their properties and their reactions that change them into other substances. This is a very large field of study because the number of different kinds of substances is very great, and each kind has its own characteristic qualities. Chemistry occupies a central position among the basic sciences. It is closely connected with physics and biology. It plays an important part in the development of geology and physiology, and enters every industry as well as medicine and agriculture.

The early chemists studied two types of matter: inorganic and organic. But the materials which are provided by nature cannot satisfy modern science and technology now and man is turning more and more the help of chemistry.

In present-day organic chemistry new compounds are being synthesized daily. With its plastics, synthetic fibres and other artificial materials organic chemistry is the chemistry of modem times. Inorganic chemistry quite a different thing, it was studied long ago and is as old as the Old World.

Chemical science is successfully solving many complex problems and its rapid development will be raising the living standard of people.

20. , :

1. Chemistry is the science that deals with the structure of matter and its changes.

2. The laboratory is the place where experiments as well as scientific research may be carried out.

3. We must pay more attention to research opportunities for those young chemists who have the ability to carry out research.

4. Substances can be divided into two classes: electrolytes whose solutions conduct electricity and non-electrolytes whose solutions do not conduct electricity.

5. The liquid takes up the shape of a vessel in which it is contained

21. , that, :

1. Theoretical chemistry is the formulation of theories that unify facts and combine them into a system.

2. It should be noted that plastics are widely used in everyday life because of their many useful properties.

3. If we take some water that was used in the first experiment and pour it into the flask with the experimental solid, we will find that the water becomes quite white.

6. , :

TEXT . PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS INSENSITIVE LIGHT

, . . . , , .

Foban Fotban . 600 . - , , . Foban . , , , radiatoin. Foban . Foban .

? - . "t" , , Foban . .

23. :

7. Foban and Fotban are produced from...

a) silver; b) photo materials; c) polymer materials.

8. Foban and Fotban...

8. have absolutely different properties;

9. are nearly the same.

9. Foban and Fotban are used in processes where...

4. high light sensitivity is not important;

5. high light sensitivity is very important.

* 24. , :

1) Foban a) can be produced in full light;

2) Fotban b) is used in textiles;

3) Foban and Fotban c) is used in films and paper;

d) can be stored for unlimited time;

e) are good substitutes for photo materials;

f) can be easily dyed in any colour;

g) have a great resolving power.

25. , , :

jn-: sensitive, capable

im-: practical, possible

un-: limited, important

 

Revision Exercises

1. , there + be.

1.There was some, but not much water in the glass.

2.There are many kinds of various chemical apparatus.

3. There is an equal number of molecules of the same kind in pound of water, as in a pound of steam, or in a pound of ice.

4.There will be still more new synthetic materials in future.

5.There exist more compounds of hydrogen than of any other ment.

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