.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


, -

. . , , , , . , . - .

 

1997 , , ,

. , , . , , , . , . -, , , , , , , - , 6 .

1998 - - , , , .

. , , , , . , , . 90 . - , , 60- - , , , . , , , , . , , . 1998 , 20 2001 . , , , - , . , , , $6 .

2001 , .

, - .

1872 . 1881 . . , , , . , 1882 , 6 . 1888 , . 1911 , . ( ) 1957 , . 25 000 , XIX XX , , , .

, , , , 4 2001 . , , . , , . 66 . .

2003 ,

, . ) , 40- . Irishenco Construction . 16 2003 . , . 16 1904 , , , ) , , . , 15, ̸. 41 33 , 4 , 2 , ).

, ) , 2009 , .

, , , . North Wall . Graham Hollandia Joint Venture , . ( ). 90 , . , 25 . - , , . 1998 , 10 2009 , 7 . 60 , 11 . . .

2003 , 6 .

. , - . . , , 23 000 ², 6 471 ². , , , 1 616- 16,5 14 . , ( ). , . , 422 , . -, . 400 ² Atlantic Terrace , 350- City Terrace .

2004 , , , , ! Sundial Bridge.

. ( ), , 66- ( , - )! , . , . $23,5 . , ( 101 ). , . , , - 42- 213- . , , , . , , . .

1990 $3 . , 1996 , - $20 ) - , . 2004 , , , =) 42%. .

2005 Turning Torso .

Turning Torso 27 2005 . 54- 190 . , , 264- -. , 82- . Twisting Torso (. ). , ; 90 . Turning Torso , , . . 147 . Twisting Torso , . 01 2001 . - , . , Turning Torso 2002 138- Kockumskranen, 1973 2002. 75 . Kockumskranen 1 Burmeister & Wain; 츔 - , , ) Turning Torso , Kockumskranen. - , - , .

2008 , .

2005 220 . 25 2008 60 . , , , . , , 1992 , , . , , 160- , . , 40 , , . , , 119- , 66 . , , 7 2011 , , , . , . , , , . , ) - . , . , . , , , , , , , .

2009 .

- , .

- , 36 ! 1838 , 3 , , ( ). 1842 -, . 1843 , , ʸ. 1882 1905 , . 1905 . 1958 2009 , . 70 . - 18 2009 . , . 9 5 ( 450 350-). , . - , , . - 35 200- , , . 312 . , - , , , ʸ . (HSL 2) (HSL 3). - 1 620 , 15 000 . , .

-. , , , , .

, Brookfield Place ; 1992 ; ; 1992-1995 ; 1998 ; XXI ; 2004 .. - , , .

 

 

  • 19831984, Jakem Steel Warehouse, Munchwilen,
  • 19831985, Ernsting Warehouse, ʸ,
  • 19831988, Wohlen High School, ,
  • 19831990, Stadelhofen Railway Station, ,
  • 19831989, Lucerne Station Hall, ,
  • 19841987, Bac de Roda Bridge, ,
  • 19841988, Barenmatte Community Center, , ,
  • 19861987, Tabourettli Theater, , ,
  • 19871992, BCE Place, , ,
  • 19891994, Satolas TGV Station, ,
  • 1992, Puente del Alamillo, ()
  • 1992, Montjuic Communications Tower at the Olympic Ring, ,
  • 1992, , , ()
  • 19921995,
  • 19941997, , ,
  • 1996, , ,
  • 1998, Estação do Orienteor (Gare do Oriente), ,
  • 1998, Puente de la Mujer ( ), - -,
  • 2000, , ,
  • 2001, Milwaukee Art Museum, , ,
  • 2003, , , ,
  • 2003, , ,
  • 2004, Athens Olympic Sports Complex, ,
  • 2004, Sundial Bridge at Turtle Bay, , ,
  • 2004, (Harp, Cittern Lute) spanning the main canal of the Haarlemmermeer,
  • 2004, University of Zurich, Bibliothekseinbau library remodelling, ,
  • 2005, Turning Torso, ,
  • 2006, -
  • 2008, ,
  • 2008, ,
  • 2009, , ,
  • 2009, , , ,
  • 2009, - (. Liège-Guillemins) ,

 



<== | ==>
() |
:


: 2016-09-03; !; : 367 |


:

:

, ; , .
==> ...

1700 - | 1483 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.08 .