( ) . .
. 10.19 (. . 1):
S1 . ;
S2 ;
S3 ;
S4 ;
S5 ;
S6 , :
S6 = S + S l
S , (/(/)2)
S 1 (), (/(/)2)
l
( 1) 25 0.
:
R 1 , , . II.2 (. . 1)
l , .
Z ,
. II.3 [1]
1 1-2.
3.1.
1( 1) .
1. D =15
t1 =1500C t11 =950C t2 =700C
1:
S1 = 133×2×10-4=266×10-4 (/(/)2)
S2 =56×10-4 (/(/)2)
S3 =266×10-4 (/(/)2)
S4 =229×10-4 (/(/)2)
S5 =28,6 ×(2*0,5+0,8+7,73)×10-4 = 272,55×10-4 (/(/)2)
S6 = 15*3+11,5*(0,86+0,96+1,26) =80,42×10-4 (/(/)2)
S1 =(113×2+56+266+229+272,55+80,42) ×10-4 =1130×10-4 (/(/)2)
.1 :
1-2 (D =15 ) .
. II.2 (. . 1) :
R=36/; v=0,152 /.
. II.10 (. . 1) 
=1,5*2+1,5=4,5
. II.3 (. . 1) Z=22,85
1-2:
.
1 1-2, 2-3,3-4:
.4(D=25):
S1 = 8×4×10-4=32×10-4 (/(/)2)
S2 =4×10-4 (/(/)2)
S3 =20×10-4 (/(/)2)
S4 =16×10-4 (/(/)2)
S5 =1,72 ×(2*0,8+4*0,5)×10-4 = 6,19×10-4 (/(/)2)
S6 = 15*6+11,5*(0,86+0,76+1,06*2+1,16+1,36) =161,99×10-4 (/(/)2)
S2 =(8×4+4+20+16+6,19+161,99) ×10-4 =240,2×10-4 (/(/)2)
.4 :
: 
, . , 15%.
4 [ 3].
|
|
|
()
1 -
2 -
3 -
4 -
5 -
.1 -
1. Up
: T1- (1500);
2- (700);
11- (950).
2.
/.
3.
/.
4.
. .
: DR , . .
5.
.
6.
.
40 10 . 1,
L = 425 , = 90 , l = 110 , D = 145 , D1=160 .
1. . - . . 1. / . . . . - .: , 1990.
2. 41-01-2003. , / .- .: , 2004.
3. 2.04.05- 91*. , / . - .: , 1992.
4. 23-01-99*. / .-
.: , 2003.
5. 23-02-2003. / .-
.: , 2003.
6. 2.01.07-85. / .- .: . , 1989.
7. . - . . 3. . 2 / . . . . - .: , 1990.
8. 21.602-2003. . , : .- ., 2003.
