, .
, . 0,002 . , .
:
- z 1 = 65.300 ;
- l = 16.0 .
:
-
h.= h + 0.5 = 1.70 + 0.5 = 2.20 ; (1)
-
z 2 =z 1 - h.= 65.300 2.200 = 63.100 ; (2)
-
z=z 2 + i × l = 63.100 + 0.002 × 16.0 = 63.130 ; (3)
-
z..=z1 - h = 66.600 2.00 = 64.600 ; (4)
- 
z = z1 -0.3 0.4 = 66.600 0.7 = 65.900 ; (5)
-
z.. = z..+0.5 = 64.600 + 0.5 = 65.100 ; (6)
-
z =z + 0.35 = 65.500 + 0.35 = 65.850 ; (7)
-
h1 = z. - z= 65.100 63.130 = 1,970 ; (8)
-
h2 = z - z.= 65.900 65.150 = 0.750 ; (9)
-
h3 = z -z = 65.850 65.900 = -0.050 . (10)
1: 100 45 1: 1 (.4).
: , , , , , , , .
.
30.40 . 2.4 .
30.40 . 0,002 .
:
1,1 - , ;
1,0 - , ;
|
|
|
0,8 - ;
0,65 - ;
1,20 - - ;
: , , , , , .
1.6. 
.
:
- ;
- ;
- , , ;
- ;
- .
.
, , , .
1) - .
, , .
( ) (f) ( 2 .1, [3]).
,
, f = 2;
, / qc0=0,15;
, d=10
, ( ).
2) :
Q = qtotu u/1000, (12)
qtotu , ( 3 .1, [3]);
u , +1,
u = n×((n+1)×k)
n ;
k ;
n - .
u = 5 × (2 + 1) × 8 = 120 .
, 
(12)
Q = 300×120/1000 = 36 3/.
3) :
(13)
qtothr.u , , ( 3 [3]);
qtot0 - , / ( 3 [3]);
N .
.
0,7 1,5/.
: , .. [4].
- (∑i*L)
|
|
|
1.
4) .
50 . . ( ) . .
:
= S × q2, (14)
s , /(3/)2 (. 4, [3]);
q2 , /.
(14)
= 0.143 × 1,9462 = 0.54 .
5) .
(15)
. = . +tot + f + , (15)
. ;
tot ;
(. 1.5);
f - .
. = (z1 - z 1 )+(n 1) × h. + h; (16)
tot = ∑Hl = ∑I × l; (17)
(15):
. = (66.600 65.300) + (5 1) × 3.4 + 0.2 = 15,10 ;
Hl,tot= 7,0 × (1 + 0.3) = 9,10 ;
= 0.54 ;
f = 2 .
. = 15,10 + 9,10 + 0.54 + 2 = 26,74 .
.
<, , .
2. 
.
( 22689.022689.20-89). , , , . .
() 135 150 ( 22689.9-77), ( 22689.9-77), ( 90) 45 60 ( 22689.9-77), ( 22689.9-77), , .
1-, 3- 6- , 1 . , .
(, , ) (). . 1500700 , 400 . . ( ) . , , , . , . 1,0 . , 180400500 . 180500500 , , 200 . 800 . , , . 675350 . .
2.2. 
|
|
|
. . , . 1,5 () ().
0.3 , .. (16), 0.7 .
hmin= h 0.3 = 1.70 0.3 = 1.40 , (16)
h - = 1.70 .
18599-2001.
.
: , , , .
, 150 imin=0.008, 0,15.
(17):
i = (Z1 Z...)/(SL)
Z1 Z... ,
SL ,
:
Z1 = 65.500 1.40 = 64.100
( ). 200-150=50
Z... = 62.470 0.050 = 62.420
i = (64.100 62.470) / 81,34 = 0.02
.
2, . 2 .
