(. 6.6).
6.5. .
.
. F 1 F 2(. 6.3, 6.7). , , . : . , F 2 F 1, . α, β, . , . . F t = F 1 F 2.
: β 1 = (0,5... 0,7) α 1.
. 6.7.
(α β), , - , .
v 1 v 2 , . v 1 v 2 , (. β 1 . 6.7).
I , F 1 F 2, . , , , , , .
ξ:
ξ = (v 1 v 2)/ v 1 v 2 = v 1 (1 ξ),
v 1 v 2 . ξ = 0,01...0,02.
. Ft , , . β 1 α 1 , .. . : .
6.6.
v 1 = πd 1 n 1 /60 000 v 2 = π d 2 n 2/60 000,
n 1 n 2 , -1;
d 1 d 2 - , .
|
|
:
u = n1 /n2 = v 1 d 2/(v 2 d 1) = d 2/[ d 1 (1 ξ) ]
, Ft, .
≤ 5, ≤ 7, ≤ 8, ≤ 12.
6.7.
: ( ) .
, , .
Ft σt F 0 ξ. , α, , F 0 . - .
.
. , (. 6.8); . F 0 Ft () . , φ:
φ = Ft /(F 1+ F 2) = Ft / (2 F 0) = σt /(2 σ 0), . Ft ( φ), F 1+ F 2 = = 2 F 0, .
φ, (. 6.8), . , . . φ φ max , , φ . . φ m Ft , , β 1 α1 .
. 6.8.
6.8. .
. : , , . . , . , , . , . η ma φ (. 6.8).
|
|
φ φmax , , .
Ft φ, η max. η max = 0,95... 0,97; η max = 0,92... 0,96.
φ > φ , .
φ [ F t ].
φ = Ft /(F 1+ F 2) = Ft / (2 F 0) = σt /(2 σ 0)
:
[ F t ] = 2 φ F 0.
φ : φ = 0,4... 0,5; φ = 0,7..,0,8.
, , . , . , u = 1 ( ). F 0 . F0 , , .
, , . .
, : ,
( ) :
υ = ν / L ≤ [ ν ],
v , /; L , ; [ υ ] , -1.
: υ, .
2000...3000 , :
(-) [ υ ] < 10 50 -1;
[ υ ] < 20 -1;
[ υ ] < 30 -1.
σq max NE = ,
q ; σ m , . 8.4; NE ,
NE = 3600 υ z Lh / k.
υ , -1; z ;
Lh , ; k , . = 1 k = 1; , k , z .
6.9.
.
(. 6.9), . () . . ().
|
|
, ( ) , , , , , , ( ).
. 6.9.
, , .
, , . 200 .
. (. 6.9) 1 ( ), 2 3, . , , : . , . ; .
, .
. 3 (. 6.9). 2 , , , .
: wP LP , 0 . wP h (. 6.9) (wP / h = 1,4),
(wp /h = 1,06... 1,10) (wp/h = 2,0... 4,5) .
( ): Z, , , , D, . ( ): I, II, III IV.
- ( 30 /).
. , , .
: SPZ, SPA, SPB, SPC. . ,
1,52 , . 50 /.
|
|
.
, .
LP . , . , LP = 1250... 1900 4 . . , , . , , .
, (. 6.10). 1 . 2 3. , 2 , , , .
( , h , : , ). δ .
. 6.10.
I () ( ). . 65 /.
, : b . 1000 .
. .
( ) . 2530 /, 40 /. 1,52 , .
1284.3-96 .
.