( -).
1, 2 , 5 (. . 5.1.). z 1 ³ 13 ( ); z 2
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. z 3 (5.2).
. 5.1 . 4% , 5% . .
1. . 5.1 i (3)1 H = 5,6 n = 3.
1. z 1 = 15.
2. (5.11)
(5.10)
.
4. (5.9)
.
5. (5.2)
6. . 5.1
.
1, - ( ) , .
2. - 1 (. . 5.1) i (3)1 H = 6,3 = 3. 41122, D = 300 .
1. d 3,
d 3 D ¾ (30¸40) = 300 ¾ (30¸40) = 270¸260 .
( ) 25022-81 : 100; 125; 160; 200; 250; 315; 400; 500; 630; 800; 1000. d 3 = 250 . = 2 .
2.
3.
(. . 5.1.),
z 1 = 24.
4. (5.2)
z 2 = 51, z3 = z 1 + 2z2 = 24 + 2 × 51 = 126.
5. :
6.
7.
8.
(D i max = 4%).
: z 1 = 24; z 2 = 51; z 3 = 126; m = 2 ; d 3 = mz 3 = 2 × 126 = 252 .
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250022-81 3 .
1 2 (. . 5.1) . 5.2.
5.2. . 5.1
z 1 | z 2 | z 3 | ||
16-20 15-23 16-24 15-27 15-27 16-28 16-30 15-31 16-34 15-35 16-38 15-39 16-42 17-45 18-46 19-40 18-50 | 17-15 20-16 22-18 24-18 25-19 26-20 27-20 30-22 32-23 35-25 37-26 40-28 42-29 44-30 46-32 48-33 51-35 | 4,125-3,500 4,670-3,391 4,750-3,500 5,200-3,333 5,333-3,407 5,250-3,429 5,375-3,333 6,000-3,419 6,000-3,353 6,667-3,429 6,625-3,368 7,333-3,346 7,250-3,381 7,176-3.333 7,111-3,391 7,053-3,347 7,666-3,400 | 1,320-1,400 1,273-1,418 1,267-1,400 1,238-1,429 1,231-1,415 1,235-1,412 1,229-1,429 1,200-1,413 1,200-1,425 1,176-1,412 1,178-1,422 1.158-1,411 1.160-1,420 1,162-1,428 1,163-1,418 1,165-1,426 1,150-1,418 | |
: z 1 ( ); z 2 ( ): z 3 : . |
3 (. . 5.1). 3 , 1-2 2'-3, . ,
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(. 5.9), , z c = z1 z2 = z 3 z 2¢ = z 3 z 1 = z 2¢ z 2, z 3.
(. 5.10) z c, ; z c , ( z c ³ 3) 30 h * a = 0,8.
1. z c = z1 z2 = z 3 z 2¢ = z 3 z 1 = z 2¢ z 2 = 5.
2. (. 5.9) z 3 = 84.
3.
4.
5.
, ( ) , ( ). , . . . 1
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. 5.1 , .
. . - , . .
. 5.3.
, , . , , .
(. 5.11) , , , . , , , , ,
. 5.11. ,
(5.15) (5.16) (5.17) (5.18) (5.19) (5.20) (5.21) (5.22) | ||
: 1. , , , . 3.2. 3.3. 2. (5.16)-(5.21) , . 3. u = z2 / z1 (u ³ 1). 4. 2 , . 5. ( ) n¢c = nc 0,7 |
. 5.12. 1 2 . 5.1. . 5.1 5.4:
; .
, . 5.12 5.13, . , , ; , , . , . ., .
F : , , -
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. 5.13. 3 . 5.1:
, . , F12 , 1 2.
, ( ).
. . 5.1 5.4 , , , , . , , .
1. F2 (. . 5.12)
2. , 1 3, F12 F32
3. 3
. 5.2 3 , . 5.3 , . 5.1 .
4. 1
1, . 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 - ( ).
¢ 1 = T1 / h, h - (. . 5.1).
. 5.13 3 , ( ) 1.
. 5.14. 1 . 5.1
. 5.15. 1 . 5.1.
, . ( ). .
. () (. 5.14). , , : , , .
. 5.155.17 . . 5.15 . . 5.16 . . 5.17 .
(. 5.18). , (. 5.19).
. . .
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D max = (z - 7 ), (5.23)
; z .
(. 5.20). (. 5.20, ) . .
(. 5.21), . , , . , (. 5.22). , .
. 5.16. . 5.17.