Getting through. Greeting, Requesting, Introducing self,
Checking identity, Stating purpose of a call, Receiving phone calls, Stating the subject, Referring to previous communication
Confirming, Checking, Negotiating the end of a call, Thanking, Saying good-bye
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.. .: , , 1997
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written/oral
7.
Opening courtesy, Greetings, Describing structure, Referring to time policy, Referring to question policy, Expressing intentions, Getting attention
, ,
.. .: , , 1997
written/oral
8.
Stating that you want to speak / continue the talk, Introducing the topic, Stating purpose, Stating aims / objectives
, ,
.. .: , , 1997
., . , Publishers, , 1997
written/oral
9.
Moving to a new topic, Postponing, Digressing, Identifying reasons/problems/results, Making boundaries
, ,
.. .: , , 1997
written/oral
10.
Referring to what went before or comes later, Linking and showing the relationship between the ideas, Making new / given information, Identifying the important points
, ,
.. .: , , 1997
written/oral
11.
Expressing intentions, Describing process, Expressing time, Expressing condition
, ,
.. .: , , 1997
., . , Publishers, , 1997
written/oral
12.
Describing location, movement, direction, Describing changes / trends, Focus on the cause of the change or the reason for change, Focus attention on benefits or problems which arose as a result of the change, Giving reasons, Expressing cause and effect, Expressing similarity and difference
, ,
.. .: , , 1997
., . , Publishers, , 1997
written/oral
13.
Comparing and contrasting, Expressing possibility, probability and certainty, Summarizing, Introducing conclusion
, ,
.. .: , , 1997
written/oral
14.
Putting forward ideas and views, Balancing arguments, Attracting attention, Drawing conclusions, Tactical questioning, Handling of questions
, ,
.. .: , , 1997
written/oral
15.
Referring to visuals, Referring to things outside the oral text
