PDN - .
ISDN - ().
Um - MS GPRS.
G - GPRS.
PCU - Packet Control Unit - .
IGSN - .
BG - .
MS GPRS, MS GPRS - SGSN.
GPRS :
MS (, , ), - CKSN , (é - TLLI, Recciver Addres - (RA), PDN.
MM, , , ( MS - SGSN, GSM).
GPRS MS. , -TLLI - CKSN.
GPRS - General Packet Radio Service
, GPRS - General Packet Radio Service.
. , , , " ". BTS MS . , , . .
, , . .
, "" ( ) , GPRS .
, ( ) , ().
GSM GPRS.
GPRS GSM.
|
|
GPRS - .
, HLR-VLR BTS.
:
GPRS GSM :
- GPRS - Serving Support Node - SGSN;
- GPRS - Gateway GPRS Support Node - GGSN.
SGSN , , , , , , " GPRS".
GGSN IP - , . GGSN , . SGSN GGSN.
( BTS) BSC PCU - Packet Control Unit. , GSM-. BSC : () MSC, - PCU SGSN.
GPRS.
GPRS :
- (- - ó );
- .
ó - -, :
(-), GPRS :
- .
- GPRS.
- .
.
MS GPRS (-), MS .
, MS 4 + 2. , MS , MS - .
GPRS MS (), :
- " " .
- GSM ( ) GPRS ( ).
- " B" GSM/GPRS, , .. - .
- " C" .
(), , () TDMA 1 8.
|
|
- ( MS BTS), ( BTS MS). GPRS-, . (), , : 4 + 2 ( -), : 6.
- .
, 6 - 4 - .
GPRS. .
, GPRS , .
GPRS.
GPRS - Coding Schemes - CS - : CS1, CS2, CS3, CS4. - ( ), (.. ), GPRS. , .
-CS1 - 9,05/
-CS2 - 13,4/
-CS3 - 15,6/
-CS4 - 21,4/.
(-).
, , .
GPRS
GPRS :
- ;
- ó .
RLC - Radio Link Control - (), , .
CS1 - CS4 , . BTS.
CS1, .
CS2, .
/, CS1 CS2 / 9,0.
, A bis - ( ).
GPRS ó , .. GPRS MS 1 8 ().
:
- CS1 -
GSM 900 - 9,6/ - (-), 8 - - 72,4/;
- CS2 - : 13,4/ 107,2/;
- CS3 - : 15,6/ 124,8/;
- CS4 - : 21,4/ 171,2/;
, .. . GPRS- 171,2 (821,4)/ - CS4. , : -, ().
- GSM GPRS, , 8 - GPRS, .
|
|
, , , , .
, , , , - .
, GSM ( 9,6/). , () , , , . ( 171,2/) GSM GPRS - General Packet Radio Service - . GPRS , (!), GSM. GPRS ( : MS BTS). , . . , , - . GPRS . . GPRS , "" GSM- GSM. GSM- GPRS : . : HLR VLR BTS. , () GSM, HLR, , : Mobile Station Multislot Capability - MSMC - , MS. GPRS - GPRS Core Network - : - SGSN - Serving GPRS Support Node - GPRS; -GGPRS -Gateway GPRS Support Node - GPRS; - SGSN GPRS, MSC - GSM. - SGSN - , HLR, , , On-line MS "" . MSC, SGSN, - . GPRS - GGSN - ( , GPRS) (ISDN, .25 ). GGSN, : () , - SGSN. GGSN : , IP-, , . GPRS - GPRS : SGSN, GGSN IGSN. GPRS ( SGSN GGSN) : GTP - GPRS Tunneling Protocol. GPRS PCU - Packet Control Unit - . PCU BSC BSC SGSN. GPRS - IGSN - Internet GPRS Support Node - . GPRS OMC-R/G - Operation and Maintenance Center - Radio / GSN - GPRS. - "" GPRS . GPRS, MS, , . ("" - attachment - ) SGSN. : , HLR SGSN, P-TMSI - Packet Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity - , TMSI. TMSI MS ( MS "", TMSI P-TMSI). GPRS MS , (HLR VLR LA - Location Area - , MS . , . : - IDLE ( ). MS . . - STANDBY ( ). MS () GPRS, ( ) . STANDBY- (MS ) RA (Routing Area - ). RA , LA ( LA RA, RA , () - LA , ). -READY (). MS . MS, READY, GPRS - SGSN . MS, STANDBY, RA SGSN (routing area update request). RA SGSN, RA SGSN. MS SGSN, SGSN SGSN , MSC VLR, HLR, GGSN - SGSN. MS, GPRS, LA, SGSN VLR MS. GPRS : - SGSN (VSGSN - Visited SGSN); - GGSN : - (VGGSN - Visited GGSN), - (HGGSN - Home GGSN). - GPRS- (Inter PLMN GPRS BackBone - GPRS- ) HGGSN MS. , BG (Border Gateway - ) "" . QoS (Quality of Service) - . , , . GPRS QoS, : - ( , ); - ( , ..); - ( GPRS- ); - ( ). QoS . QoS, : - PDP type - Packet Data Protocol type; - PDP-, MS ( , ); - GGSN, . "": - PTP - Point-To-Point - -; - PTM - Point-To-Multipoint - - - . : - PTM-M (PTM-Multicast) - , ; - PTM-G (PTM-Group Call) - . "" PTM GPRS. GPRS - , GPRS. GPRS- : - " " , ( (circuit switched), (packet switched), .. ; - "" , , ; - "" . , . , , , . 13.4/. GSM 2G 3GUMTS - Universal Mobile Telephone System - EDGE - Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution - , 384,0/ GSM- (48,0/ - ). EDGE " GPRS" BTS, - EDGE MS. ~171,2/, GPRS, . |
GPRS - 3G, - - 2,5G, 2,048/. |
|
|
|
|
GPRS : ( ), . , . GPRS TCP/IP, GPRS . IP X.25, , IP, , (TCP, UDP, HTTP, HTTPS, SSL, POP3, Jabber .). GPRS , IP- ( ).
- , / .
- , , .
. , . (), ( , ), ( , - ).
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
- 2,5G: