- .
:
- /:
3-/3 3Na 3, 3, 8 - 5, 8.
- 3-/23 Na3 23, - 5, 4 - 7, 4.
/+:
NH3/NH4+ NH3 NH4Cl,
- 8, 2 - 10, 2.
:
32- /3- Na2CO3 NaHCO3, 9, 3 - 11, 3.
42-/24- N24 N24, 6, 2 - 8, 2.
1- , . . . , 24- .
4. . . ( ), . , . () - -. : (R - )
) - + :
-
R - + + R -
N+3 N+3
-
( -) (-)
) - + :
- -
R - + - R - + 2
N+3 N2
+
( -) (-)
, 1- 2- .
.
3-/3, - :
3 3- + +; ( = 4, 8)
- - 3Na:
3Na 3- + Na+
3- +, :
3- + + 3
(- , )
3- 3. , , .
( ) -, :
3 + - 3- + 2
(- , )
|
|
, , . 3 3-.
. , , , + :
-
R - + + R -
N+3 N+3
, - . .
+, " - ", -:
-
R - + - R - + 2
N+3 N2
, " - " - . .
, , - + - .
- .
1- , , , + , - :
3 3- + +; ( = 4, 8)
- 1- :
= + lg | () | (4) | |
() | |||
- 1- :
= + lg | (5) | ||
2- , , , + , - NH4+:
NH4+ NH3 + +; = 9, 2;
- 2- :
= + lg | () | (7) | |
() | |||
(7) 2- :
= 14 - - lg | () | (8) | |
() | |||
(4), (7), (8).
.
. , 1 1 . . . , .
|
|
, , :
- / , ( ).
, , .
= ()/ () = 1, . . . , , , , . HAn/ KtAn KtOH/ KtAn .
, . . , = . 0. = 1 .
25, 3 / ; 24, 3 / .