- Keith feels heliskiing should not be permitted in the UK because:
a) many people have been killed;
b) heliskiers are to far from help;
c) it is banned elsewhere;
d) weather conditions are unsuitable.
2. Keith says that the most important choice to make to ensure safety when skiing is that of:
a) the slope;
b) your companions;
c) your equipment;
d) the helicopter.
3. Helena argues that the locations heliskiers use are:
a) prone to avalanches;
b) very close to resorts;
c) not as steep as stairs;
d) generally fairly safe.
4. Keith agrees with Helena that:
a) heliskiing represents an environmental threat;
b) the dangers at home are just as great;
c) other extreme sports are not as risky;
d) the risk of avalanche is fairly minimal.
5. What does Keith describe as difficult to foresee?
a) snow quality;
b) weather conditions;
c) wildlife activity;
d) danger levels.
6. Helena is worried that:
a) people take unnecessary risks;
b) danger is subjectively assessed;
c) other sports may be banned;
d) skiing might get a bad name.
Discussion
Render the interview keeping the main details and facts from it.
2. Do you think dangerous sports should be banned? Divide into 2 groups: the first one must provide the pros of the extreme sports and the second one the cons.
Writing
You and ten other students went on a school trip to a summer sports camp which promised a wide variety of sporting activities and instruction in each sport. It was the first time your school had been to this particular camp, and on your return your teacher asked you to compare notes on the trip. Read the original advertisement and the comments you have collected and write a MEMO to the other student who went on the trip with you asking them to read over your report and suggest any changes that should be made (about 75 words).
| Rockridge Summer Sports Camp Rockridge is definitely for the adventurous. As well as all the popular indoor and outdoor team sports, we offer instruction and close supervision in: Rock-climbing & abseiling White-water rafting Hang-gliding & paragliding Orienteering Moto-cross (18yrs & above) Situated in rugged countryside, Rockridge is all you could want of the great outdoors. Accommodation consists of ranch-like bungalows (sleeping 6) and our refectory provides three full meals a day (and we have frequent barbecues and camp fire nights). For those who want to cater for themselves there is fully-stocked mini-market. At Rockridge we firmly believe in sports as promoting cooperation and team work and self-discovery not to mention meeting like-minded new friends. If you want fun, excitement and adventure, Rockridge is the place for you. |
Your comments: Sport (outdoor) Ok for football, rugby and hockey (no cricket) & athletics, (indoor) gym an old hall with poor amenities could just about play a game of basketball. No instructors for hang- or paragliding & orienteering instructor got lost otherwise very good.
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Accommodation Not bad. Comfy beds, log fire, one bungalow leaky roof, a bit cold at night.
Food Simple but good & lots of it only two barbecue nights. Limited choice at market but adequate for roughing it. General Middle nowhere little to do evenings/ weekends for a change. One communal TV (so long arguments about what to watch) have to take own entertainment. Agree had a good time but disappointed by above problems.
See the corresponding example in Appendix 3 Writing samples.
Revision
1. Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the vocabulary of the unit:
- , , , .
- , , . . .
- - ? ? , .
- , .. , .
- , , , .
- , , .
- , - , . .
- , , , , , .
- , .
2. Translate the article from Russian into English:
, , . , , . , .
. , , . , , , , . , , , , , .
. , , , .
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Extreme , . . , , . , , , . , , .
, , , , . , , , .
Extreme .
Extreme , . . , , , . , , .
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Unit 3. RELATIONSHIPS
Vocabulary
Look up the translation of the following words and word combinations in the dictionary:
1) appalled (adj) When Bill proposed to Ruth on the radio, his mother was shocked and appalled.
2) be like chalk and cheese (phr) Ben and Tony are very different in fact they re like chalk and cheese.
3) carry around (phr v) A lot of people carry photos around of their family.
4) challenge (v) If you challenge someones opinions, you do not always accept or agree with them.
5) frown (at sb) (v) When you frown at someone, you look at them as if you are annoyed.
6) get a story (phr) The tabloid press have been waiting for us to split so they can get a story.
7) lovers (n pl) Two lovers are two people who have a romantic or sexual relationship.
8) make sbs life hell (phr) The tabloid press wouldnt leave us alone and made our lives hell!
9) mess about (phr v) When you mess about, you behave in a silly way.
10) precious (adj) This photo is precious because it reminds me of why Im sponsoring Amanda.
11) run a competition (phr) A radio station was running a competition called Two Strangers and a Wedding.
12) sponsor (v) Debra is sponsoring a child in India through Action Aid.
13) spot (v) Clare spotted Stan at the airport immediately he looked just like his photo.
14) stare (at) (v) Ruth and Bill cant walk down the street without people staring at them.
15) tabloid press (n) The tabloid press are newspapers that are not very serious.
16) Tension (n) Chris and his girlfriend were playing the part of lovers so there was a lot of tension on the set.
Adjectives of Character
1) ambitious Someone who is ambitious wants to be successful.
2) amusing Someone who is amusing makes you laugh.
3) arrogant Someone who is arrogant thinks they are better or more important than other people.
4) artistic Artistic people are creative and sensitive.
5) big - headed Big-headed is a word that means the same as arrogant.
6) bossy Someone who is bossy likes telling other people what to do.
7) broad - minded Someone who is broad-minded accepts different opinions and ways of behaving.
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8) cheerful Someone who is cheerful is usually in a good mood.
9) confident Someone who is confident believes in themselves and is not nervous or frightened.
10) considerate Someone who is considerate thinks about what other people want or feel.
11) controlling Someone who is controlling likes to control or dominate situations.
12) creative Someone who is creative has imagination and new ideas.
13) demanding Someone who is demanding needs a lot of attention.
14) down - to - earth Someone who is down-to-earth is practical and realistic.
15) dull Someone who is dull is not very interesting.
16) easygoing Someone who is easygoing is relaxed and calm.
17) faithful Someone who is faithful supports their partner and does not have relationships with anyone else.
18) generous Someone who is generous happily gives other people their time or money.
19) hardworking Someone who is hardworking works hard to achieve things.
20) helpful Someone who is helpful is ready to help other people.
21) impractical Someone who is impractical is not sensible or good at doing practical things.
22) independent Someone who is independent prefers to do things by themselves.
23) kind Someone who is kind behaves in a way that shows you care about other people.
24) loyal Loyal is a word that means the same as faithful.
25) mean Someone who is mean is unkind or unpleasant.
26) miserable Someone who is miserable is unhappy or always in a bad mood
27) modest Someone who is modest does not tell other people about their abilities or achievements.
28) narrow - minded Someone who is narrow-minded does not accept different opinions or ways of behaving.
29) optimistic Someone who is optimistic is cheerful and thinks that good things will happen.
30) outgoing Someone who is outgoing is friendly and likes meeting other people.
31) polite Someone who is polite behaves towards other people in a pleasant way that does not offend them.
32) practical Someone who is practical makes sensible decisions or choices.
33) realistic Someone who is realistic accepts and understands things as they are.
34) relaxed Someone who is relaxed does not easily get upset or annoyed.
35) reliable Someone who is reliable does what they say they will do.
36) romantic Someone who is romantic believes that things are better or more exciting than they are.
37) rude Someone who is rude says or does things that offend other people.
38) self - assured Self-assured is a word that means the same as confident.
39) self - centered Someone who is self-centered is only interested in themselves and does not think of other people.
40) selfish Selfish is a word that means the same as self-centered.
41) sensitive Someone who is sensitive is aware of the needs of other people.
42) serious Someone who is serious thinks carefully about things and does not laugh much.
43) shy Someone who is shy feels nervous or embarrassed when they are with other people.
44) sociable Sociable is a word that means the same as outgoing.
45) talkative Someone who is talkative likes talking a lot.
46) thoughtful Someone who is thoughtful thinks carefully about what other people want or need.
47) thoughtless Thoughtless means the opposite of thoughtful.
48) tolerant Someone who is tolerant is willing to accept different ways of behaving or thinking.
49) trustworthy Someone who is trustworthy can be trusted to do what they say they will do.
50) unfaithful Someone who is unfaithful does not always support their partner and has relationships with other people.
51) unfriendly Someone who is unfriendly does not like other people or want to help them.
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52) unrealistic Someone who is unrealistic does not accept or understand things as they are.
53) unreliable Someone who is unreliable does not do what they say they will do.
54) unselfish Someone who is unselfish thinks of other people rather than themselves.
55) witty Someone who is witty says amusing things and makes people laugh.
Family
1) aunt (n) Your aunt is the sister of your mother or father.
2) brother / mother - in - law etc (n) Your brother/mother-in-law is the brother/mother of your husband or wife.
3) child (n)/ children (pl) Some people name their children after famous people.
4) cousin (n) Your cousins are the children of your aunt or uncle.
5) ex - boyfriend / wife etc (n) Your ex-boyfriend is the boy or man you used to go out with. Your ex-wife is the woman you are divorced from.
6) grandchild / grandparents etc (n) Your grandchild is the child of your son or daughter. Your grandparents are the parents of your mother or father.
7) great - aunt / grandfather etc (n) Your great-aunt/grandfather is the aunt/grandfather of your mother or father.
8) half - brother / sister (n) A half-brother/sister is a brother/sister who has either the same mother or the same father as you.
9) husband (n) Your husband is the man you are married to.
10) nephew (n) Your nephew is a son of your brother or sister.
11) niece (n) Your niece is a daughter of your brother or sister.
12) only child (n) An only child does not have brothers or sisters.
13) partner (n) Your partner is the person you live with but who you are not married to.
14) relative (n) Your relatives are the people in your family.
15) second husband / wife (n) Shes been married before. Daves her second husband.
16) single parent (n) A single parent looks after their children alone and has no partner.
17) stepfather / stepmother etc (n) Your stepfather is your mothers second husband. Your stepmother is your fathers second wife.
18) (identical) twin (n) Ben and Tony are identical twins.
19) uncle (n) Your uncle is the brother of your father or mother.
20) wife (n) Your wife is the woman you are married to.
Relationships
1) be looking for Mr Right (phr) Clare is still single and looking for Mr Right.
2) deserve someone special (phr) Liz is so lovely she deserves someone special.
3) discuss things (phr) In a relationship, its important to discuss things.
4) get in touch (phr) Clare and Stan got in touch through an online dating site.
5) get married (v) My mother-in-law hasnt spoken to us since the day we got married!
6) give each other space (phr) If partners give each other space, they allow each other to have some freedom and time alone.
7) go your separate ways (phr) Couples soon go their separate ways if they dont have anything in common.
8) love at first sight (n) Do you believe in love at first sight?
9) the man/woman of your dreams (phr) When Clare got in touch with Stan, she thought she had found the man of her dreams.
10) smbs new man/woman (phr) What do you think of John, Lizs new man?
11) online dating site (n) Clare and Stan got in touch through an online dating site.
12) propose (to sb) (v) Bill proposed to Ruth on the radio, with 50,000 people listening!
13) split up (phr v) We didnt have much in common and split up after 6 months.
14) There was no real spark. (phr) Their relationship didnt work out there was no real spark.
15) b e together for 6 months/a year etc (phr)Weve been together for a year and are having a party to celebrate.
Supplementary Reading
1. Discuss in pairs:
- What are the advantages/disadvantages of being born first, middle or last in a family?
- Do you think it is good to be an only child? Why/why not?
2. Read and translate the text:
Who Comes First?
A childs place in the family birth order may play a role in the type of occupations that will interest him or her as an adult, new research suggests. In two related studies, researchers found that only children and to a certain extent first-born children were more interested in intellectual, cognitive pursuits than were later-born children. In contrast, later-born children were more interested in both artistic and outdoor-related careers.
These results fit into theories that say out place in family birth order will influence our personality, said Frederick T.L. Leong, co-author of the study and professor of psychology at Ohio State University. Parents typically place different demands and have different expectation of children depending on their birth order, Leong said.
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For example, parents may be extremely protective of only children and worry about their physical safety. That may be why only children are more likely to show interest in academic pursuits rather than physical or outdoor activities. Only children will tend to get more time and attention from their parents than children with siblings. This will often make them feel special but the downside is that they may suffer occasional pangs of jealousy and loneliness when friends discuss their brothers and sisters and family life.
The first-born is an only child until the second child comes along transforming them from being the centre of attention, to then sharing the care of parents. Parents will also expect them to be responsible and set an example. The change from being the focus of a family may be quite a shock and so shape the first-borns subsequent outlook on life. Therefore first-borns may try to get back their parents attention and approval by achieving success and recognition in their careers. It has been noted that first-borns are significantly more often found as world political leaders than any other birth order position.
As they have more children, parents tend to become more open and relaxed and that may allow younger children to be more risk-taking, Leong said. If the first-born or only child wants to be a poet, that may concern parents. But by the fourth child, parents may not mind as much.
Being the youngest in the family can sometimes be a stifling and frustrating experience, especially if theyre looking to be taken seriously and treated like an adult. The last-born is more likely than the other birth order positions to take up dangerous sports. This may be a sign of the last-borns rebellious streak a result of being fed up with always being bossed about by everyone else in the family.
Middle children, however, have different issues. Middle child syndrome can mean feeling sandwiched between two other more important people an older sibling who gets all the rights and is treated like an adult and a younger sibling who gets all the privileges and is treated like a spoilt child. Middle-borns have to learn to get on with older and younger children, and this may contribute to them becoming good negotiators of all the birth order positions they are most skilful at dealing with authority figures and those holding inferior positions.
Leong said the biggest differences in the study were between only children and later-born children. First-born children are difficult to classify because they start out as only children but later give up that positions. It may be that the length of time a first-born child is an only child makes a difference in his or her personality.
Exercises on the text:
1. Find the equivalents for the Russian words and word combinations in the text:
; , ; ; ; , ; , ; -, ; ; ; ; ; , ; ; ; ; .
2. Scan the text. Are these statements true (T) or false (F)?
1. Parents usually expect different things from their first and last children.
2. Only children and first-born children often follow similar types of career path.
3. The results of this research contradict existing research into the effects of birth order.
4. The researchers found first-born children easier to analyse than the other groups.
5. Younger children tend to take more risks as a result of their parents attitude towards them.
- Only children often prefer more physical occupations.
3. Scan the text once again. Find the answers:
- Say which type of child it is best to be (i.e. first born, middle born, last born, only child).
- Give advice to parents about dealing with each type of child.
- Describe the possible career consequences according to the position you are born in the family.
- Advise children how to cope with their positions in the family.
4. Discuss in pairs: Which points of the text are true for your family or other families you know?
Listening
1. You will listen to people talking in eight different situations. For questions 1-8, choose the best answer, A, B, or C:
1. You overhear a girl talking about her new boyfriend. What does the girl like best about him?
a. his looks;
b. his intelligence;
c. his character.
2. Listen to a man talking about being an only child. What does he express?
a. You regret not having brothers or sisters when you are a child;
b. You regret not having brother or sisters when you are an adult;
c. You regret not having brother or sisters when your parents die.
3. Listen to a girl talking to her mother. Why is the girl disappointed in her friend?
a. They dont enjoy the same activities any more;
b. Her friend made fun of her;
c. Her friend cant keep a secret.
4. You switch on the television and hear a man speaking. What is he?
a. a politician;
b. a newsreader;
c. a chat show host.
5. A woman is talking to her friend Julia. How does Julia usually get on with her flat mates?
a. She finds them easy to live with;
b. They irritate her;
c. She likes them initially, then goes off them.
6. Listen to an interview with a man who lives on an island. Why cant he find a girlfriend?
a. All the women where he lives are his relatives;
b. He knows all the available girls too well;
c. His parents wont allow him to go out at weekends.
7. Listen to a woman talking about how she met her husband. Where did they meet?
a. at a nightclub;
b. at a private party;
c. at school.
8. You hear a father talking to his son. What does the man want his son to do?
a. to stop buying CDs;
b. to learn to look after money;
c. to wash the car in exchange for weekly pocket money.
Discussion
1. Today the online relations are becoming more common. Read the comments about Internet relationships. Is each one an advantage or disadvantage?
1. Nobody can judge you by the clothes you wear.
2. You can say things that youd be too shy to say face to face.
3. You cant be sure if the other person is telling the truth about their sex, age or appearance.
4. You can meet your second half without leaving the house.
5. You can have friends all over the world.
6. You cant see each others faces when youre chatting online.
2. Discuss the questions with the students:
- Can you fall in love with somebody without meeting them face-to-face?
- In what ways can online relationships be dangerous?
- Do you know anybody who has started a relationship online? Was it successful?
Writing
1. Write an article to the magazine comparing two ways of getting acquainted: online and face-to-face. Bring out all advantages and disadvantages of both.
Revision
1. Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the vocabulary of the unit:
1. . , . , . , .
2. . , - , .
3. . , . , . . , . . .
4. , , , . . L- + =!. . .
5. - : , , , .
6. , , , , , , . .
7. , , . , , , , , . . . . .
2. Translate the article from Russian into English:
