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.8 7 , , , , . , , , . , , , : , . XIX . ( ).9 , , . , , , XVIII . ( , 10). , ,

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15 Grant Gilmore. The Death of Contract 80-82, 94-96 (1974).

16 7 .

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, ) . , . , , , , , . XX ., . , , .

, , . () ( ) ( ), , . ( ), . , , , . , , , , . , , , , , .18

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; , , , , , , , . , . ( ) ( - ). , . , , , . , , . , , , . . , , .20

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Econ. & Organization 479 (1995). , ?

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22 145 Cal. App. 3d 261, 193 Cal. Rptr. 130 (1983).

23 169 A.D.2d 254, 572 N.Y.S.2d 672 (1991).

, . (. . 19.2).

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24 . John Rawls. A Theory of Justice 237-239 (1971).

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. . , , . . . : , , , ? , , . , , . . , , , (= , ) . , . , , , , , , . . , ex ante ( ) ex post ( ). Ex post ,

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, , . ex ante, 6, , . , . , ( ) . . ex post,25 .

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25 , , . Richard A. Posner. The Problems of Jurisprudence 322-323, 377 (1990). , , , ( ) () , , .

Gt;

1. , XIX ., , . . . 4.8.

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3. , , , ?

4. , (, ) , ? ?

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7. Ford Motor Company -, , , . - . ?

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8. - , , ; . ?

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