barbell n net n
beam n play-ground n
chessboard n puck n
chessman n racket n
club (stick) n rings n
discus n ski jump
draughtsman n sports hall
gym n boxing gloves
javelin n trampoline () n
jumping (spring) board uneven (parallel), asymmetric bars
Word Combinations
athletic training to win the team (personal,
to follow a tournament national, world) champion-
(competition, etc.) ship
to kick the ball to win by 2 (3, etc.) goals
to score a goal (20 points) (points)
to keep the score to win with the score 4 to 0
to end a game in a draw in smb.'s favour
(to draw a game) to set up (break) a record
to win a prize (a cup, the record holder
victory) the world (national, European) record
EXERCISES (Part 3)
1. Study Texts A and and transcribe these words:
tobogganing, yachting, lawn-tennis, wrestling, athletics, gymnastics, callisthenics, billiards, draughts, tournament, enthusiast, soccer, rugger, court, amateur.
2. What do you call a person who goes for:
wrestling, cycling, weight-lifting, swimming, diving, running, mountaineering, boxing, skiing, racing, hunting, playing football, playing chess, playing draughts, athletics, skating, playing volley-ball, playing basket-ball, playing hockey?
3. a) Fill in prepositions if necessary:
Sport is very popular... Britain.... other words a lot... British people like the idea... sport, a lot even watch sport, especially... the TV. However, the number who actively take part... sport is probably quite small.... the whole British people prefer to be fat rather than fit
The most popular spectator sport is football. Football is played... a Saturday afternoon... most British towns and the fans, or supporters... a particular team will travel... one end... the country... the other to see their team play,
Many other sports are also played... Britain, including golf... which you try to knock a ball... a hole; croquet... which you try to knock a ball... some hoops; basket-ball... which you try to get a ball... a net; tennis... which you try to hit a. ball so that your opponent cannot hit it and cricket which is played... a ball, but is otherwise incomprehensible. As you can see, if the ball had not been invented, there would have been no sport.
Actually that's not quite true. Athletics is not played... a ball, nor is horse-racing. Perhaps that explains why they are not so popular as football. (See "Approaches". Cambridge 1979)
4. Answer the following questions. Do not answer in one sentence. Add something:
1. What kind of sport doyou go in for? 2. Do you play draughts? 3. Do you attend hockey matches? 4. What football team do you support? 5. Did you ever try figure-skating? 6. Who usually likes tobogganing??. What do spectators do at the stadiums? 8. Where are boat-races held in Moscow? 9. What is the most popular sport in Russia? 10. Do Russain teams participate in international matches? 11. Who coaches your volley-ball team? 12. Where are the Oxford and Cambridge boat-races held? 13. What is the difference between a "sport" and a "game"? 14. What sports and games do you know? 15. What games take the first place in public interest? 16. What is the great national sport in England?
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5. Translate the following sentences into English:
1. . 2. . 3. , . 4. . 5. . 6. . 7. . 8. . 9. ? 10. . 11. . 12. ? 13. ? 14. ? 15. ? 16. . 17. , 2:0. 18. . 19. , ? , . 20. ? . 21. . 22. . 23. , . 24. ? . 25. , . 25. .
6. Correct the wrong statements. Add a few more sentences to make up a dialogue:
1. There is no difference between "soccer" and "rugby". 2. Badminton can be played only indoors. 3. The goal-keeper acts as a judge in football. 4. Ice hockey is popular with women. 5. A tennis ball is struck with a club. 6. Women are good football players as a rule. 7. People who play draughts are called draughtsmen. 8. We use balls when playing badminton. 9. Golf is played on ice fields. 10. Hockey is one of the most popular summer games. 11. Table-tennis and lawn-tennis are one and the same game. 12. In hockey a handball and rackets are used. 13. Boxers fight with bare hands. 14. Track and field events are never included in Olympic Games. 15. You may touch the ball with your hands when playing football.
Prompts: I just don't agree...; I'm not so sure...; All I know is... but at least...; How can you say such a thing! You seem to think that...; That is just the other way round. You are badly mistaken.
7. Try to describe your favorite game. Use a dictionary to look up any special words. Let your partners guess which game you are describing. Speak according to the plan that is given in the example:
E x a m p l e:
1. Number of players (per team):
Two teams of eleven players each.
2. Equipment necessary: a ball.
Each player wears shorts and special boots.
3. Place where played: a special field which has goal posts at both ends.
4. How to play and win: the players kick the ball to each other. They try to kick it between the goal posts of the opposing team. The opposing team try to stop them, The team scoring the greatest number of "goals" wins.
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5. Length of game: one hour and a half, with a break in the middle.
6. Some of the rules: only the two goal-keepers (who stand in front of the two goals) are allowed to touch the ball with their hands; no one can kick or push another player.
(See "Approaches," Cambndge, 1979)
8. a) Speak on each kind of sport on the list below; briefly describe it as well as the qualities it requires from the sportsman, .g. strength, endurance, quickness of reaction, courage, etc. Say a few words about its advantages and attractive features:
mountaineering, rowing, yachting, hockey, tennis, basket-ball, volley-ball, chess, boxing, wrestling, fencing, artistic gymnastics, figure-skating, skiing, skating, ski-jumping, sky-diving, archery, discus throwing, wind-surfing, steeplechase, marathon.
b) Make up dialogues discussing one (or several) of the sports from the list above. Use the following:
in my opinion...; there's nothing like...; I don't quite see what people find in...; how can you say such a thing!; I don't know anything more exciting than...; I see nothing exciting in...; I can't agree with you there; absolutely marvellous; I like it immensely.
9. a) Read the text and comment on it:
Hang Gliding
The Sport of the 1980s
Hang gliding, like windsurfing, comes from America. The person who thought of this sport, Francis Rogallo, got the idea when he was watching space capsules falling towards the sea. The capsules had a sort of wing which helped them to go more slowly until they reached the sea.
But this idea isn't as new as you might think: in the fifteenth century, Leonardo da Vinchi drew pictures of a hang glider; it was a sort of kite which could carry a person.
The modern hang glider can go with the wind or against it, and the pilot can change direction by moving the control bar. Hang gliders rise and fall with the movements in the air near lulls, for example, they usually go up.
All over the world, these giant butterflies are becoming more and more popular, as people discover the fun of flying. (From "Modern English International". Mozaika, 1984, No. 264)
b) What do you know of the kinds of sport which recently appeared! Describe them and say what attracts people in them.
10. Act out the following situations:
1. Two friends are talking after a football match. One is happy his favourite team has won; the other is not as his team has lost the match.
2. Imagine a dialogue between two sports fans about their favourite sports.
3. A friend of yours claims to be an "all-round sportsman". Once you call on him and find him surrounded by a thick cloud of cigarette smoke. You have a talk with him.
4. It's Sunday afternoon. In a few minutes, there will be a football match on TV, while on another channel there will be a fashion show. Argument between husband and wife.
5. You are in the hall of your institute. You are an ardent athlete and like to get up at sunrise, at which your room-mate is grumbling. You try to make him do at least his morning exercises.
11. Translate into English:
1. , , . - , . 2. , ? , ; 3. , , 6:0. 4. . - . 5. , , . 6. . 7. , . , . 8. . 9. ?
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12. a) Translate the text into Ukrainian:
The Football Match
Something very queer is happening in that narrow thoroughfare to the west of the town. A grey-green tide flows sluggishly down its length. It is a tide of cloth caps.
These caps have just left the ground of the Bruddersford United Association Football Club. To say that these men paid their shilling to watch twenty-two hirelings kick a ball is merely to say that a violin is wood and catgut, that "Hamlet" is so much paper and ink. For a shilling the Bruddersford United A.F.C. offered you Conflict and Art; it turned you into a critic, happy in your judgement of fine points, ready in a second to estimate the worth of a well-judged pass, a run down the touch line, a lightning shot, a clearance kick by back or goal-keeper; it turned you into a partisan, holding your breath when the ball came sailing into your own goalmouth, ecstatic when your forwards raced away towards the opposite goal, elated, downcast, bitter, triumphant by turns at the fortunes of your side, watching a ball shape Iliads and Odysseys for you; and what is more, it turned you into a member of a new community, all brothers together for an hour and a half, for not only had you escaped from the clanking machinery of this lesser life, from work, wages, rent, doles, sick pay, insurance cards, nagging wives, ailing children, bad bosses, idle workmen, but you had escaped with most of your mates and your neighbours, with half the town, and there you were, cheering together, thumping one another on the shoulders, swopping judgements like lords of the earth, having pushed your way through a turnstile into another and altogether more splendid kind of life, hurting with Conflict and yet passionate and beautiful in its Art. Moreover, it offered you more than a shilling's worth of material for talk during the rest of the week.
(From "Good Companions" by J. B. Priestley. Abridged)
b) Comment on the extract:
1. Explain the words: "To say that these men paid their shilling to watch twenty-two hirelings kick a ball is merely to say that a violin is wood and catgut, that "Hamlet" is so much paper and ink." 2. Explain the words: "For a shilling the Bruddersford United A.F.C. offered you Conflict and Art." 3. What, in the author's opinion, does football give people? 4. Do you agree with the author in that? What do you think about such games as football and hockey and the secret of their popularity?
