, , , . ( ). , .
, , , (f (x) = const a ≤ x ≤ b, f (x) = 0 x < a, x > b).
, f (x) , .
:
. 5 . , 2 .
. , [0, 5].
.
() - . . 1733 . . (1809 .) . , .
, :
, , , (5)
. , : σ.
( ). , , (5).
1) : (-∞, +∞).
2) f (x) > 0 (, ).
3)
4) = ; x > a, x < a. , .
5) f (x a) = f (a x), = .
6) , .
.1.
.1
:
(6)
, . F (x) . , = 0, σ = 1.
= 0, σ = 1 ,
|
|
- (7)
- .
= 0, s=1:
. 2
a =0, s=1 , , , .
. , : , .
:
(8)
. = 3, σ = 2. , (4, 8).
.
.
, (- 3s, + 3s):
, , , 0,0027, 0,27% . , , (- 3s, + 3s).
: , = 3σ.