1. Ef ( ), () . , .
:
= 8,9.103 /3
= 64.10-3 /
______________
f ?
. f, , ' n
f = . (1)
,
n = ,
;
NA ;
.
ϳ (1),
f = .
ϳ , ,
f = = .
2. . , 3,8.10-4 3/. 110 /.
:
-
Rx = 3,8.10-4 3/
= 110 /
________________
np ? bp ?
. ' , , ,
Rx = ,
q .
p = . (1)
Ѳ: q = 1,6.10-19 ; Rx = 3,8.10-4 3/. ϳ (1)
p = =
= q (n bn + p bp ), (2)
n p ;
bn bp .
(2)
= q p bp.
b p = (3)
ϳ (3) (1)
b p = . (4)
ϳ (4) Rx Ѳ ,
bp = 2/(. ) = 2/(. ).
858. () 0,5 . , 0,38 ²/(·) 0,18 ²/(·).
³: n = 2,23.1019 -3.
859. 1,5103 ²/(·) 5103 ²/(·). , 6,210² .
³: R=4,74.106 3/.
860. 2 1 ² 1,25107 . , 0,15 ²/(·) 0,05 ²/(·).
|
|
³: n = 5.1016 1/3.
861. 10-2 . , . 410-4 3/.
³: n = 1,84.1022 -3; bp = 0,034 2/..
862. 112 (). , 3,6610-4 3/. , .
³: n = 2.1022 -3; bp = 0,035 2/..
863. 2 ( = 0,5 ). 2 /², , 2,8 . .
³:
864. 51016 1/3, 0,15 ²/ (·) 0,05 ²/(·). 5 2 ².
³: R =
865. 1 10 0,2 . 300 . , 0,1 3/, 0,5 .
³: Ux = 1,02 .
866. , 2 , . .
³:
867. () ρ = 0,48 . , bn = 0,36 ²/(·)
bp = 0,16 ²/(·).
³: n =
Բ
1. ( ) Z, N. A = Z + N . Z ( ), N , A, Z .
2. , , e = 1,602×10−19 . , . , , . , 1/2 ( ). : 1836,15 1838,68 , .
3. . d - -1/3 u - +2/3 . u - d - ( +1), u - d - ( 0). ³ . ³ 15 , . , .
|
|
4. ,
;
( );
Z ( ).
5.
N = Noe- t,
N , t;
N o (t = 0);
.
6.
7. , t
.
, t ,
.
8.
9. () N, m
N = ,
m ;
;
NA .
10.
= - ,
dN , dt;
.
Ѳ (),
1 = 1/.
(ʳ) 1ʳ= 3,7.1010 .
1 -226.
11.
m = Zmp + (-Z)mn - m,
mp ;
mn ;
m .
12. '
. = m.2,
m ;
.
'
= 931,4. m ,
m , ...;
931,4 (1 ... ~ 931,4 ).