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530(078)

22.377

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³ ̳ ( 5 24.12.09 .)

 

:

. . ѳ, ,

. . , ,

. . , - ,

 

人, . .

18 . . 3 ( , , , , ): / . . 人, . . , . . . ³: , 2010. 84 .

, , , , , . .

. , , .

53(078)

22.377

. 人, . , . , 2010

 

̲

3

 

. .................................................................. 4

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. ...................................... 8

............................................................... 10

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- . .................................. 36

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Գ . .................................................. 63

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Գ . ................................................ 69

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......................................................................................................... 74

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...................................................................................... 79

 

 

3

1. , . ֳ

 

munrn= n ,

m ;

un ;

rn n- ;

n ;

2p ( = h / 2p).

2. 㳿

 

hn = En2 En1,

 

En1, En2 㳿 .

3.

 

ε00 = 8,85.10-12 /);

m (m = 9,1.10-31 );

( = 1,6.10-19 )

 

4. n -

 

 

5. , ()

 

E = h ,

n1 n2 , , ;

Z 뺺 .

 

6.

 

= R Z2 ,

;

R г (R = 1,1.107 1/)

 

 

1. . , , .

:

n2= 4

n1 = 2

_________

ε ?

 

. 㳿 - ( )

 

, (1)

 

λ ;

R г;

Z ( Z = 1 - );

n1 , ;

n2 , (n1 n2 ).

 

= hc / .

 

(1) hc, 㳿

= Rhc Z2 .

 

Rhci ,

 

= i Z2 .

 

. ϳ : i = 13,6 ; Z =1; n1 = 2; n2 = 4,

 

= 13,6.12. (1/22 ¼2) = 13,6.3/16 = 2,55 .

 

2. (+) . , 㳿 .

:

+

n = 1

_________

?

?

W ?

. ³ n

 

= ,

= ,

 

Z ( 뺺);

n rn , .

 

n-

rn = , (1)

 

( ).

 

n = , (2)

(1),

n = . (3)

 

, ,

= .

 

= - = - mυ = - 2.

 

 

= + = - .

(3)

 

= = ,

 

, = 1,05.10-34 ., m = 9,11.10-31 , r = 0,529.10-10 , Z = 2 n = 1,

 

= = 8,63.10-18 = = 54,4 ,

= - 2 = - 108,8 , = - = - 54,4 .

³, (n = 1)

 

= - Z2Ei,

 

i 13,6 .

ϳ Z = 2, 㳿 = - 54,4 .

 





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