. , , , . . : . , . , , , . (, ) , . ( ), , , . , . , , . , , , . .
. . () . d d1. e^=(d1d)/d=Dd/d. D l e=(l1l)/ l=Dl/l. , e^ e . :
m=(e^/e)
? , :
V= l d2, V1= l1d12=l(1+e)d2(1+e^)2= [ e^2, 2ee^, ee^2]V(1+e+2e^)
DV/V=(V1V)/Ve+2e^=e(12m).
. . , . , . , , ( ) F, S. : e=(l1l)/ l=F/SE=s/E. s =F/S . e . . e=s/.
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, . . s . . , .. , . , . s. . sM, , . . : g=F/(GS)=st/G, st=F/S , G .
G . , ABCD (. 1.9), , ABCD. , , . a e=D l/l m=e^/e. A'OD , :
b <<1,
, em << 1. F, (. 1.10), s=F/ l 2. AB BC , , , , Ft. : (1.24)
e (1.23) , s=2st, : a=2(1+m)st/E. g=F/(GS)=st/G , g=tgaa, , : G = E /2(1+m).
3.
1.
, , . .
:
1) . . - .
2) , , .
( ). Dv1, Dv2 - .. Dt. : m1 Dv1 =m2 Dv2, m1, m2 - , .., Dv1 Dv2, .. m1, m2 .. 1 2.
: p =m× u - .. .. - p = p1 + p2 +...+ pn
: - , ( ). : m r ¢¢= F.
:
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I. , ( ).
II. ( ..): (m u) ¢= F. ( )
III. .. , , .
.. p1+p2=const ( m1× Dv1 =-m2× Dv2) Þ p1 ¢=- p2 ¢ Þ F1 =- F2
III ( ..): (1), (2) - , j- ..,
(3) - , j- ..
(4)Þ(5)
:
S - , S¢ S V (V<<c).
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, , .
. , DV1 DV2
: m1V1 = -m2V2, m1,m2
. m v = p , . .
.
.
:
dp/dt = t/dt*(mv) = F
, , , .
: ... .
...:
P 1+ p 2=const, d p 1/dt + d p 2/dt = 0
F 1 = - F 2, F 1 F 2
: . . , .
.. r = r + V t, t=t
d r /dt = d r /dt + V = d r /dt + V .
v = v + V
d v /dt = d v /dt = d V /dt, a = a
. , ... ...
F = F . .
, . .
2.