, 1
1, 2 ( 3 ).
: - -20 - 2 .
, :
Q = , 3/ (3.1)
= q k k J, 3/, (3.2)
q -0,1 3/;
k - 1,65;
k , -1,0;
J ( ) ; -20 = 450 / (450 /) J = 6, 4 /.
, %, = 0,5 % . 113 -03-553-03.
- , 3/,
= 0,1 1,65 1,0 6,4 = 1,056 3/.
Q = = 211,2 3/ = 3,52 3/.
, -20 :
Q = k Q, 3/; (3.3)
k , , 200 1,14.
Q = 1,14 211,2 = 240,8 3/ = 4,01 3/.
, :
Q = = , 3/, (3.4)
; , , - -400
(S = 34,1 2, P = 22,7 ).
Q = 0,1 22,7 = 2,27 3/.
.. 2,27<4,01, Q=240,8 3/ = =4,01 3/c.
( ) S=20,2 2. S = 1,0 2, . . S/ S = 1/20,2 = 0,05 < 0,5,
S = ,
R = = = 1, 3272 c2 / 8.
Q = Q = 3,52 3/.
(.) h=RQ2 =1,32723,522=
=16,44 . , , S=0,5 2, R= = 5,4880 c2 / 8, h = 5,48803,522 = 68 , .. .
, , ( ) S ≥ 1,0 2.
4
: - -400ѻ - 1 .
, -400ѻ:
- (3.2): = 0,1 1,65 1,0 5,0 = 0,83 3/, 5,0 / = 450 / (450 /) -400ѻ.
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- (3.1): Q = = 166,0 3/ = 2,77 3/.
, -400ѻ (3.3):
Q = 1,25 166,0 = 207,5 3/ = 3,46 3/,
1,25 , 400.
(3.4) -400ѻ (S = 13,1 2, P = 8,7 ) Q = 0,1 8,7 = 0,87 < 3,46, Q = 3,46 3/.
3 . , . . Q = 6 n = 6 3 = 18 3/ = 0,3 3/.
1:
Q = k ΣQ + ΣQ, 3/ (3.5)
k , , - 1,43;
ΣQ,ΣQ ,
Q = 1,43 (240,8 + 207,5) + 211,2 = 852,3 3/ = 14,2 3/.
, ѻ:
Q = 5 k N, 3/ (3.6)
N , .., N = 75 .. -80 N = 67 .. -26;
k , k = 0,90.
Q = 5 0,9 (75 + 67) = 639,0 3/ = 10,65 3/.
. . 10,65 < 14,2 1 Q = 852,3 3/ = 14,2 3/.
1 .. .
, 2
13 4 1, - -20 (S = 54,2 2, P = 30,2 ) Q = 0,1 30,2 = 3,02 3/, .
, 2 (3.5):
Q = 1,43 (240,8 2 + 207,5) + 211,2 = 1196,7 3/ = 20 3/.
.. (3.6) 10,65 < 20 3/, 2 Q = 1196,7 3/ = 20 3/.
, 3
1, 2
: - 1226 - 2.
, (3.1), (3.2):
= 0,1 1,65 1,0 15,0 = 2,48 3/c,
15 / - 1226.
Q = = 496,0 3/ = 8,27 3/.
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, 1226 (3.3):
Q = 1,14 496,0 = 565,4 3/ = 9,42 3/.
. . (3.4) Q = 0,1 27,9 = 2,8 3/ ( 1226 , S = 52 2, = 27,9 ) < 9,42, Q = 565,4 3/ = 9,42 3/c.
3
3 1 2: Q = 207,5 3/ = 3,46 3/.
, 3 (3.5):
Q = 1,43 (565,4 + 207,5) + 496,0 = 1601,2 3/ = 26,7 3/.
.. (3.33) 10,65<26,7 3/, 3 Q = 1601,2 3/ = 26,7 3/.
, 4
13 4 3, - 1226 (S = 76,0 2, P = 38,6 ) Q = 0,1 38,6 = 3,86 3/, .
, 4 (3.5):
Q = 1,43 (565,4 2 + 207,5) + 496,0 = 2409,05 3/ = 40,1 3/.
.. (3.6) 10,65<40,1 3/, 4 Q = 2409,05 3/ = 40,1 3/.
,
: - -20 - 1 .
, -20 Q=211,2 3/=3,52 3/c.
, -20 (3,3):
Q = 1,25 211,2 = 264 3/ = 4,4 3/c.
1,25 , , 400.
, ѻ (3.6):
Q = 5 75 = 375 3/ = 6,25 3/.
75 .. -80.
. . 6,25 > 4,4 3/c, , ѻ ( -80) Q = 6,25 3/c.