.


:




:

































 

 

 

 





5

6 .

7 .

S OxjptiKTepujy.iTC

9

10 - *

1 &

2

3 ctpepjx

312 ____________________________________________________ ?

1. . , 1993.

2. .. ., 2000

3. . , 1995

4. , .. . , 1998,

5 ,. . , J99H

6. .. . ., 1999

7. - / . .: , 1996

8 X. // . 1997. 9. . 25-36

9. .. - // /. . .. , . . . .: , 1999.

10. . -- . . - . ., 1999.

. ., . - // 14.1993 Nq 6 . 23-34

!2. ... .. : . ' , 1995.

13. .. 1. .: , I9S3.

14. .. .: 19S7.

15. ., . . , 1995

J 6. X. , // / . ., 1993

17. . . : , 1981.

18. , , , // . 1997. 9. , 8-16.

19. . . , 1992.

20. , , . ., 1997.

21 - // - . , 1997. 91-103

22. .. // . 18 1997 N5. 62-73.

23. // . . 1997. 5.

24. . jKOHO.MHHecKOii // ..21 2000 6 . 38-50.

25. .: - ͻ, 2000.

_______________________

26. ., . //- * / .. . -. .,, 1998.

27 .. // / ,: -, 1999. 566-571.

2. .. . - . ' . , 1989. 4.

29. .. .: , 2000. 368

30. . - // / . . .. , , 1999.

31. .. ., 1999.

32. - / . . .. , .. . - ͻ, 199S

33 / . . .. , .. . .: , 1999.

34. .. // . h> / .. . ., 2000. . 482-515

35. . // . 1997. 9. . 17-24.

36. ., . // . 14. , 1977. 4

37. ., ., . ., 1999

, . , , . . ja ().

() XIX . 1S59 . . . . 1846 . .. -

3i4 _______________________________________________ 7

, , (, 1983) ,

() 1905 (, 2001) 1935 1 , 1927 . (, 1996).

( ) 1906 , , 1925 - ( ) (Bogardus, 1925). . 1934 . , (Benedict, 1934) (Kardiner, 1939; Linton, I945)

1936 1974 (, 1974). (1937-1958), . , , , , ( , )

( )

_____________________315

1946 . . . , , .

(Mead, SljGorer, 1950). , *, X . , . , , (Duijker, Fnjda, 1960; Inkeles, Levinson, 1965) . - (111, 1954; Hoffstatter, 1957) X. (Tnandis, I979, 1994), , (Lonner, Berry, 1989), (Hofstede 1980, 1991) .

1985 ., .. - () , (, 1985)

, ( ) . ( ), , . - .

. (, 1927), . . (, 1970), . (, 1971), (, S979), . . (, 1974) . - () (, 19S5)

, -

 

i\6 _______________________________________________ 7

, , , *

.

. , , .

- , , . , ( ).

- , , , , ,

,

() , . , (, ), - , . - - () . () , ,

() ,

* , , , 1994 . -

_____________________317

, ( , , .).

, , , . , , , () (, 1993). (Oberg, 1960; Bochner, 1982; Kim, 1988; Berry. 1976, 1992). .. (1993) .. (1993,1996). ( , .), , : ( ; - ); ( , ); ( ; ) ( ; ).

U-- W- ( ), .

(Triandis, 1975, 1994, Handbook of intercultural training, 1983; Brislin, Cushner, Cherrie, Yong, 1989; , 1996; , 1996; , , 3 998) - - ( ).

. , ( ), -

318 _________________________________________________ 1

, () . , , (Albert, 1983). . - , , , (Kohls, 1987)

, ( -) , ( -) .

, -, * .

, .

. , , ( ).

() ¥ .

(), (), , .

. . - -

_______________________3]9

, , , , , ( , , ) .

, -- , - (, 1997, , . S999)

1 . , (, 1997)

, - , ,

, (, 1978) ,

320 _________________________________________________?

. . .

, , . . , . . . , ( ) , , .

. . : (, 1965), , -- . . (fnkelesA., Levinon D, 1965) , (, , , , , .).

, ; .

. . , . , , . (, ) , , , . -

__________________________ 321

, , . ( , , .) , .

, -, , -, , -, , . . . , , ( ) , , , (, 1984; 96).

, , , , .

, 4-5 . , , , . , . . (, 1983).

. ( ) (, , , 1990). , , , ,

. , , (, 1999; , , 2001). 11 . 838

Rr

322 __________________________________________________________ 7

. (), , (-) () (, 1999)

, , . . . , , , , . . , . ( ) (, 1994). , , .

: ( , ); ( , ); ( , ); ( , ) ( , , ) (Hofstede, 1983; Gudy-kunst, Ting-Toomey, Chiia. 1988; Hofstede, 1991;Triandis, 1995).

, - , , . .. - (, 1998). ( ) ( , ). ( , -). ( , ).

_____________________323

() , , . ; , . .. (, , 2000).

() , . . , , - (, 2000). , . .

, - , &

- - ( )

. , . ( ), , , , . - *

324_________________________________________________ 7

, (, 1999).

() , . , (), , , . , (), . - (, , 1995).

-, . ( , ).

(, , - ) - ( , , . )

. ( -, -), (- ), . - , , .

. , . , . : ; - .

(

_____________________325

), ( ).

, , , ( ).

(, ) , , , ( ). ( , ) , , , . (Gudykunst, Tim-Toomy, Chua, 1988).

( , .). , . . . (, 1998; , 1999).

. , . , .

, , . .

326_________________________________________________ 7-

(, , ).

, , - , , , .

, , , . ( ).

(-, 1985; , 1992; , 1993; , , 1995; , 1999; , 2001), (, 1993, 1995, 1998; , 1996; , 1998), (, , , 1993; , 1986, 1999) {, 1992; , 1995; , 1995).

(, , 1966, , 1968), .

.

1992 . (, (. 1); , , (. 2), 1992). 8 , . (. , . . , 1997) . . (, 1999).

__________________________ 327

. , 1991 . . . . (1995 .), . . (1998 .), * ( . . , 1998 .) 1- 1997 . ( , 1997).

(, , , 1993; , 1992; , 1998; , 1998).

- , . (, 1999; , 2001).

, , , , . 10 ; (, , ).

, , , ( , ) .

1. .

2. .

3. , .

4. , .

328 __________________________________________________________ 7

5 ,

6 ,

7 ,

8

9 , , , ,

1 MexrpvnnoBoe - , 1990

2 , - 2000

3 . 1978

4 - , 1983

5 2001

6 X 1 -- 1982

7 // , 1965 186-234

8 , - , 1979

9 1994

10 , . 2 , 1992

11 - / , 1996

12 , - // 1990- , 1996

13 , 1999

14 // , 1971 122-158

15 . 1970

16 // . 1979 20-43

17 , 1998

18 1 , 1992

19 // , 1985 225-231

20 , 1995

21 , 1993

__________________________ 329

22. . . . - ., 1995

23. .. - . - . , 1998.

24. . ., - // . 1995. 2. . 70-81.

25. - - . . . , .: . 1968

26. . . . , 1974

27. ., 1999.

28. .. - . . . . . ., 1995.

29 . . . ,1979.

30. .. // / . . .. ., 1999 571-577.

31. .., - - // . , 1999. . 208-216.

32 ., . . ., 2001.

33. . ., . . . .. 1996

34. . . . ., 1998.

35. /. ... . ., 1998.

36 / -\, . . . ., 1985.

37. - / . . . . .,1993.

38. . ., 1999.

39. . . // . 1983. 3

40 . , 1999

41. . , . ., . . ■ , 1993.

42. .. // . , 1966.

43. ., . ., 1997.

44. . . , 2001."

45. .., -- ., 1996

46. .. . . . . ., 995

47. .. , 2000

48. .. . , 1996

49. .. . ., 2001.

330 __________________________________________________________ 7

50. . . . ., 1989. . 475-574.

51. . ., . , . . // . 1990. . 26. 5. . 11O2-IIO9.

52. ., 1999

53. Albert R.D. The intercuUural sensitizer or cultural assimilator: A cognitive approach// Handbook of interpleural training. Vol. 2. N.J., 1983. P 136-149.

54. Benedict R. Patterns of culture. Boston, 1934.

55. Berry J.W. Ecology, cultural adaptation and psychological differentiation; traditional patterning and acculturative stress // Cross-cultural perspective on learning. N.J., 1975. P. 156-163.

56. Berry J, Poortinga Y, Segall V., Dasen P, Cross-cultural psychology: Research and applications. Cambridge, 1992.

57. Bogardus E.S. Measuring social distance //Journal of applied sociology. 1925. Vol. 9. P. 299-309.

58. Bochner S. The social psychology of cross-cultural relations // Cultures in contact. Studies in cross-cultural interaction Oxford, 1982. P 235-242.

59. Brislin R.W., Cushner K., Cherrie C, Yong M. tntercultural research. A practical guide. Calif.1 Newbury Park, 1989.

60. Dun'ker H.CJ, Fnjda H.Y. National character and national stereotypes: A trend report prepared for the international umon of scientific psychology. Amsterdam, 1960.

61. GorerG. The concept of national character// Science news. 1950. 18. P. 105-123.

62. Gudykunst W.B., Ting-Toomey S.. Chua E. Culture and interpersonal communication Newbury Park, 19S8

63. Handbook of iniercultural training. N.J., S983. Vol. 1-3.

64. HcllpachW Der Deutsche character. Bonn, 1954

65. HofFstauerP. Gaippendynamjkieknticderrntfasenpsychologie. Hambuijt, 1957.

66. Hofstede G. Culture's Consequences- International differences in work related value. Beverly Hills, 1980.

67. Hofstede G. Dimensions of national cultures in fifty countries and three regions // Explications in cross-cultural psychology / Deregowski J., Dzusrawiec S., Annis R. Ltssc, Netherlands. 1983.

68. Hofstede G. Cultures and organisations: Soft ware of the mind London, 1991.

69. Inkeles A., Levinson D. National character: The study of model personality and sociocultural systems // The handbook of social psychology in five volumes/ LindseyG. and Aionson E. Reading (Mass.), 1969. Vol. IV, P. 418-492.

70. Kardiner A. The individual and its society. With a forward and two ethnological reports by R. Linton N Y. 1939.

71. Kim Y.Y. Communication and cross-cultural adaptation. Philadelphia, 1988

72. Linton R. The cultural background of personality. N.Y.. 1945.

73. Lonncr W., Berry J.W. Field methods in cross-cultural research. Newbury Park, Cahf., 1989.

74. Mead M. The study of national character // Policy sciences Recent development in scope and method / D. Lernerand H.D Lasswell. Stanlord University Press, 1951. H. 70-85.

75. Oberg K. Culture Shock: Adjustment to new cultural environments // Practical Anthropology 1960, Vol. 7 P 145-157

76. Tnandis H.C Cultural training, cognitive complexity and interpersonal on learning. N.Y, 1975

_________________331





:


: 2015-11-05; !; : 355 |


:

:

! . .
==> ...

993 - | 818 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.173 .