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I. - :
1. :
girls dresses. .
girls dresses
dresses girls
girls dresses
girls dresses
2. :
a day . .
dayies
days
dayes
a days
3. :
. .
time
a year
a minute
an hour
4. : , , ,
. .
Susan has got a son. _______ name is Peter.
Her
He
His
Its
5. :
. .
Will you go _______ for the weekends?
any
anywhere
nowhere
somewhere
6. :
. .
This exercise is _______ of all.
the difficultest
more difficult
the most difficult
difficult
7. :
. .
This is _______ elephant.
the
a
an
8. : to be, to have, to do
. .
When Mark arrived, the Johnsons _______ having dinner, but stopped in order to talk to him.
were
are
was
is
9. :
. .
Sue was offered a job of a translator but she .
turned on
turned down
turned off
turned out
10. : ,
. .
John _______ speak three foreign languages.
can
may
must
has to
11. : Indefinite
. .
_______ Paul like fishing?
Do
Is
Does
Has
12. : Continuous
. .
_______ he reading a book yesterday at seven?
Will
Was
Were
Is
13. : Perfect
. .
I _______ her recently.
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saw
have seen
see
has seen
14. : : , , ,
. .
My father likes _______ for long walks in the early morning.
to going
gone
going
go
15. :
. .
Needless to say, hands _______ before and after eating.
must wash
must be washed
must be washing
must washing
16. :
. .
He will buy a new car if he _______ enough money.
have
will have
has
would have
17. :
. .
I wouldnt worry ________ Im not bothered.
until
unless
as long as
so that
18. :
, to differ.
-less
-ful
-ate
-ent
19. :
, . .
The longest street in New York with many sights is
Wall Street
Fifth Avenue
Brighton Beach
Broadway
II. :
Market Economies
1. In a true market economy the government plays no role in the management of the economy, the government does not intervene in it. The system is based on private enterprise with private ownership of the means of production and private supplies of capital, which can be defined as surplus income available for investment in new business activities. Workers are paid wages by employers according to how skilled they are and how many firms wish to employ them. They spend their wages on the products and services they need. Consumers are willing to spend more on products and services, which are favoured. Firms producing these goods will make more profits and this will persuade more firms to produce these particular goods rather than less favoured ones.
2. Thus, in a market economy consumers decide what is to be produced. Consumers will be willing to pay high prices for products they particularly desire. Firms, which are privately owned, see the opportunity of increased profits and produce the new fashionable and favoured products.
3. Such a system is, at first view, very attractive. The economy adjusts automatically to meet changing demands. No planners have to be employed, which allows more resources to be available for production. Firms tend to be highly competitive in such an environment. New advanced products and low prices are good ways to increase sales and profits. Since all firms are privately owned they try to make the largest profits possible.
20. : .
, . .
The government plays an important role in market economies.
New advanced products and low prices decrease prices
Private companies have no stimulus to produce goods.
A market economy easily adjusts to changing demands.
21. : ( ).
. .
Private firms in market economies try to
produce less favoured products
make a profit
spend more on products and services
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change demands
22. : ( ).
In what way do changing demands affect production in a market economy?
Consumers are ready to get money for fashionable products; private companies are ready to produce these products to get profits.
Consumers are ready to pay money for fashionable products; private companies are ready to produce these products to get profits.
Private companies are ready to get money for fashionable products; consumers are ready to produce these products to get profits.
Private companies are ready to pay money for fashionable products; consumers are ready to produce these products to get profits.
23. : .
.
In market economies more resources are available for production because of absence of planners.
Employers are to pay wages to workers according to how skilled the workers are.
The private firms are highly competitive in the environment of a market economy.
Market economies based on private enterprise with private ownership adjusts to changing demands.
I. - :
1. :
the city centre. .
the city centre
the citys centre
the citys centre
the centre citys
2. :
a photo . .
photo
a photos
photos
photoes
3. :
. .
children
friends
happiness
a flower
4. : , , ,
. .
I wash _______ and clean my teeth in the morning and in the evening.
themselves
himself
myself
itself
5. :
. .
_______ student of our group must write a test.
Any
All
Each
Some
6. :
. .
Kate is _______ student in our group.
bad
the worst
worse
worst
7. : ,
. .
The competition will start _______ an hour.
at
since
by
in
8. : to be, to have, to do
. .
We were good friends, we _______ known each other for years.
are
have
had
were
9. :
. .
These three articles _______ the whole book.
make up
make for
make off
make out
10. : ,
. .
Kate missed the film last night, because she _______ to work late.
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had
has
have
could
11. : Indefinite
. .
_______ her tomorrow?
Will you see
You will see
Shall you see
Will see
12. : Continuous
. .
Kate _______ an apple at the moment.
is eating
are eating
eats
eat
13. : Perfect
. .
_______ he done that difficult exercise?
Is
Did
Does
Has
14. : : , , ,
. .
A passer-by asked me how _______ to the railway station.
getting
to get
get
to getting
15. :
. .
An experiment _______ next week on Monday.
is being made
will made
will make
will be made
16. :
. .
Ill be cleaning the room while you _______ to the supermarket.
will be going
are going
will go
go
17. :
. .
I shant give you a definite answer _______ I get a letter from them.
although
since
until
because
18. :
, to flame. .
-ment
-able
-ful
-al
19. :
, . .
The largest island of the British Isles, on which the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated, is known as
Liberty Island
Madagascar
Ireland
Great Britain
II. :
Planned Economies
1. Planned economies are sometimes called command economies because the state commands the use of resources that are used to produce goods and services as it owns factories, land and natural resources. Planned economies are economies with a large amount of central planning and direction. When the government takes all the decisions; the government decides production and consumption. Planning of this kind is obviously very difficult and the result is that there is no society, which is completely a command economy. The actual system employed varies from state to state, but command or planned economies have a number of common features.
2. Firstly, the state decides precisely what the nation is to produce. It usually plans five years ahead. It is the intention of the planners that there should be enough goods and services for all. Planners are afraid to produce goods and services unless they are sure substantial amounts will be purchased. This leads to delays and queues for some products.
3. Secondly, industries are asked to comply with these plans and each industry and factory is set a production target to meet. If each factory and farm meets its target, then the state will meet its targets as set out in the five-year plans. You could think of the factory and farm targets to be objectives, which, if met, allow the nations overall aim to be reached.
4. A major problem faced by command or planned economies is that of deciding what to produce. Command economies tend to be slow when responding to changes in peoples tastes and fashions. Planners are likely to underproduce some items as they cannot predict changes in demand. Equally, some products, which consumers regard as obsolete and unattractive, may be overproduced.
20. : .
, . .
Industries of planned economies can produce the goods and services they want.
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All countries with planned economies have the same system.
Out of date and unattractive products are usually underproduced.
A major problem of planned economies is inability to predict consumers demand.
21. : ( ).
