, , . - . , , , . .
. . . . , . , , .
, . , . .
, . , , (, . .). , , , .
. () . , . , .
, , , , ( ) . , , . , , , , .
, . , . , , , MOC (marginal opportunity cost). , .
. , . , . , , . , . , , , , , , .
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, , .
, , , . : ; ; .
.
, .
.
.
1. . , , .
2. . , , - .
3. . , . , .
, , .
, , . . .
. , .
, (MRPK) (MICK) (MOC). (DK) (MRPK), (SK) (MOC).
(i). :
DK = SK = MRPK = MICK = MOCK = i
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. 21.
. .
, , . r (marginal rate of return on the investment). :
r = (MRPK MICK) / MICK *100%
. :
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r > i , ;
r = i , ;
r < i .
, , :
r i= .
, , . . , , . . .
. PDV (present discount value) () .
(R), (, ) (1,2n ) (i):
PDV = R1 / (1 + i) + R2 / (1 + i)² ++ Rn / (1 + i)ᵑ,
i ;
(1 + i) .
PDV () . , , . . NPV (Net Present Discount Value):
NVP = PDV I,
I .
, NPV > 0, .
. , : (Cp) (Cf). . , MRTP (marginal rate of time preference):
MRTP = ∆Cf /∆Cp,
∆Cf ;
∆Cp . , , , .
:
Cf = (1 + i) * (I Cp),
I ;
Cf ();
Cp ;
(1 + i) .
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. 22.
(I/Cf I/Cp) . (.) I/Cf , (I) . I/Cp , .
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E. , MRTP, (1 + i), E . :
MRTP = ∆Cf/∆Cp = (1 + i).
. .
. , , . . , . , . E .
1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. , ?