, , , (, , . .), . .. 3.1-3.4 [1].
.
1 ( 5, . 1).
1 .
2 3 , , (N), , (U), .
4 5 , , 2, 3 [1]: . 4 (
) - , /; .5 (
) , /.
6 (), :
(2)
7 (×N), o α ( . 2 4 [1]), 8 
, 
[12], 8.
9 (q, /) :
. (3)
, 2 [4] ( 9) , .
:
1. 10 (d, ) ;
2. 11 (V, /) ., , , 0,9 3,0 /.
3. (i) ( 13) [8]. - ,
, (4)
λ ( 12) [8]:
(5)
Δ [8, 12], g .
(l, ) 14.
|
|
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15 (, ) (i) (l, ) :
H = i l, . (6)
(Σl) , . 7.7 [1] 30% , :
H = Σl +Σ = Σl +0.3Σl. (7)
46 . , .
