, - - p - n -. , 0,35...1,6 . , , . , . () () . , . .
. , , . , . -n- U. .
-n- . 2.1. n - ( - . 2.1, ). , , . -n- eU (. 2.1, ), n - p -, n ‑. . , , . . Ln p ‑ Lp n ‑.
, n - ‑ -n- , . , Fn * Fp *, . 2.1, . , . , Ln Lp, ( ) ( ) kT p‑n ‑.
p‑n ‑ U, . U max , , . , . 2.1, eU max ≈ E g U ≈ 14 . , . 0,1...300 . p-n- .
|
|
. 2.1. ( -) p-n -: , U
. . , . , ( ), . n p
= np, | (2.1) |
R 0 ni
(2.2) |
k ω -:
. | (2.3) |
()
. | (2.4) |
(2.2)(2.4) (2.1),
. | (2.5) |
. GaAs . , GaAs . . , GaAs- Si-.
, (35, 26 .) , . . .
1 Ga x In1 x As Ga x In1 x P y As1 y. . , . , , - , .
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|
λ > 5 : Pb x Sn1 x Te, Pb x Sn1 x Se : Cd x Hg1 x Te.
Al x Ga1 x As GaAs1 x P x, x < 0,4 ( ), GaP, (Zn + O), , (Zn ).
, , , GaAs1 x P x (x > 0,6), . . GaP:N λ = 0,565 , λm = 0,7 , . Al x Ga y In1 x y P.
, , , GaN Ga x In1 x N Ga1 x Al x N.
GaN-Ga x In1 x N- , -. , , . .
, ħ ω ≈ E g. , .
. () (), . . - . , ( ).
, , , . n , N . ; , n-N p-P, n- p-N.
, , , , , . , . , , . , .
|
|
0,1 %. .
- 35: GaAsAlAs (Al x Ga1 x As), GaSbAlSb (Al x Ga1 x Sb), GaPAlP (Al x Ga1 x P), GaInAsP (Ga x In1 x P y As1 y).
, . , p-n - ό. , . Ga x In1 x P y As1 y . , . . , , .
p-N - n- - . 2.3. (Δ Ev) (Δ Ec), .
. 2.2. N-- P-n -: ,
η . η
, | (2.6) |
ħ ωmax , , U . ,
, , . η .
η η i, η I η o:
η = η i η I η o. | (2.7) |
(2.7) .
η i τ τ
. | (2.8) |
, , . , . , , .
|
|
, (- n-), p-n -. -n- , η i . η i - , η I Ie I, -n- :
. | (2.9) |
, .
η o , , . η o , . - n ,
. | (2.10) |
, , ,
, | (2.11) |
.
η o , θ . , , . θ, η o . , .
. , . . 2.3, , () n +‑. , . , . , , . . . , (). , n 1 d 1 = n 2 d 2 = λ/4. , , λ. , , . .
, . P ‑ , ( ): n 1 d 1 = n 2 d 2 = λ/2. p +‑. , , . , . .
, , . , (. 2.3, ). n +‑GaN, , , , p ‑GaN . n +‑ , . , p ‑ (flip-chip). , .
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(2.5), : 0, E g . .
. 2.3. : ( ; flip-chip |
0 . , , (). , .. I. , 0
|
- . I < I . , . I > I - . , . . .
E g . , kT /2 E g. , ( ), E g, . , . , .
() E g, . , , , . , .
(2.5) , kT. , .
2.2.
, . 2.5. RGB- 1 2, . 3 () 4. 5 SpectraSuite. , PSM-6003. GDM-8246, , PSM-6003.
. 2.5.
, 6. , SPS-606.
2.3.
1. . SpectraSuite. , ( 1, . 2.6), , "Rescan Devices" 2 "Spectrometer". , USB- .
. 2.6. SpectraSuite
2. (PSM-6003). " V set " 20 , " I set " 0,023 . " Output ". , , .
3. SpectraSuite. 8 . (12); , , ( , ""). , ( 1 ) (11) , , .
4. . " Output ", (6), (8), (9) (7), .
5. . (10) File type Tab Delimited. "Browse", D:\Students, ( ) ( D:\Students\6202\6202-1\). . : "B4 G8 R3 T16.txt", B, G R - (, ), (B4 - , =4 ), (T16 16º). , "Save". , (txt), Windows, . .
6. GDM-8246, , .
7. 1 11 2 , B, G R. , 5 11 , .
8. , . . !
9. λ (). (SPS-606). 3.5 , 5 . , ( -5 º). .
10. +65 º 10 º. ͻ, SPS-606. SPS-606 , .
11. +65 º . 7 ‑ 8.
:
1. .
2. .
3. . .
4. , , , λmax = f(I).
5. - - , , , Pmax = f(I).
6. , . 3-5 , .
7. , , λmax = f() Pmax = f().
8. , , .
1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. ?
6. , , ?
7. η i?
8. η I?
9. .
10. .
11. .
12. ?
13. .