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Tourism today. Facts and challenges




Tourism is one of the biggest businesses in the world. There are nearly 800 million international tourist arrivals every year. It employs, directly or indirectly, one in fifteen of all workers worldwide, from A to Z, from airport cleaners to zookeepers, and includes bar staff, flight attendants, tour guides, and resort reps. It is a huge part of the economy of many countries – in countries such as the Bahamas, over 60% of the economy is based on tourism.

Tourism is a fast growing business. When Thomas Cook organized his first excursion from Leicester to Loughborough in 1841, he probably did not know what he was starting. Key developments in the last 150 years or so have led to the rise of mass tourism. There have been technological developments in transport, in particular the appearance of air travel and charter flights. There have been changes in working practices, with workers getting paid holiday time and working shorter and more flexible hours.

In recent years we have seen the growth of the Internet and globalization, making the world seem a smaller but very fascinating place. The tourism industry grows faster and faster each year. In 1950, there were 25 million international tourist arrivals. In 2004, the figure was 760 million, and by 2020 it is predicted to be 1.6 billion.

 

But what are the challenges today? The tourism industry is affected by many different things: international events, economic change, changes in fashion. New concerns and worries appear every year, for example as people become more worried about security and international terrorism, or as the value of their currency changes. But new destinations and new sources of tourists also seem to emerge every year.

Tourism survives. It is a powerful and sometimes dangerous force in the modern world. Tourism creates many good jobs and careers, but it also produces many poor and badly paid jobs. Tourism can help to protect environments and animal life, it can also damage them. Tourism can save cultures and the local way of life, but it can also destroy them. Tourism can change countries – and people for the better, but it can also change them for the worse.

Tourism is one of the biggest businesses in the world. It is perhaps also the most important.

 

Answer the following questions:

 

1) How many international arrivals are there every year?

2) How many jobs in tourism industry are there?

3) What has led to the rise of a mass tourism?

4) Does the economy of many countries depend on tourism?

5) Who organized the first excursion in the world?

6) Which key developments led to the rise of mass tourism in the world?

7) How many international arrivals are predicted to be by 2020?

8) How many international tourist arrivals were there in 1950?

9) What things have made the world seem to be a smaller place?

10) The influence of what problems is the tourism industry affected by?

11) What words could you describe tourism today? – (It is dangerous and powerful.)

12) What things make tourism sometimes dangerous in the modern world?

13) Does tourism always create good and well-paid jobs?

14) What places are the most popular ones for tourist today?.

6. What do you know about marketing process in travel industry? Where can we see the examples of travel and tourism marketing? Why is advertising and researching so important in marketing process? What does a large hotel-chain spend money for?





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