The governmental medical service system in the Republic of Belarus is structured by the area principle in accordance with the administrative and territorial division.
Rural health institutions provide emergency medical service, first aid and primary feldscher and medical service to the rural population residing in rural and urban-type settlements. District health institutions provide primary medical service to residents of district centers, as well as sanitary medical and most needed specialized medical service (surgery, otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology, neurology, endocrinology, psychoneurology, cardiorheumatology) for residents of the entire administrative district. Municipal health institutions provide the primary medical service, sanitary medical and most needed specialized medical services to urban residents. Regional and republican health institutions in addition to the mass medical service provide narrow specialized medical service (urology, proctology, etc.).
The Ministry of Health is in charge for managing the health sector through health departments of Regional and Minsk Municipal Executive Committees. Republican health institutions and pharmaceutical enterprises report directly to the Ministry of Health. In addition to the governmental providers, the sectoral health services and private providers employing nearly 6.0% of physicians and paramedical personnel also are available in the republic.
The sanitary and epidemic protection of the population is ensured by the governmental authorities, all economic entities (irrespective of the subordination and ownership category), officials and citizens and it is aimed at observing sanitary hygienic and antiepidemic measures. The MH authorities and organizations of the sanitary and epidemiological service are in charge of the governmental sanitary legislation, standards, rules and hygienic norms; social and hygienic monitoring of the population health (with regard to the living environment condition) for developing a complex of rehabilitative and preventive measures aimed at eliminating the effect of environmental hazardous factors on health. The sanitary and epidemic situation has stabilized over recent years.
Joint efforts of the medical and sanitary and epidemiological services has resulted in reducing the prevalence of a number of infections in the republic (salmonellosis, virus hepatitis, diphtheria, hiersiniosis, etc.).
V. Read the text and decide which of the following statements are correct.
1. Rural health institutions provide emergency medical service, first aid and primary feldscher and medical service to the urban population.
2. District health institutions provide primary medical service to residents of district centers, as well as sanitary medical and most needed specialized medical service.
3. Municipal health institutions provide the primary medical service, sanitary medical and most needed specialized medical services to urban and rural residents.
4. Republican health institutions and pharmaceutical enterprises report directly to the Ministry of Economics and Social Development.
5. The sanitary and epidemic situation has stabilized over recent years.
6. Joint efforts of the medical and sanitary and epidemiological services has resulted in raising the prevalence of a number of infections in the republic.
VI. Give the main points of the text in 5-7 sentences.
