, , , .
, , *
- , (./);
γ - , ():
γ = 2,0 .×2/(..×) 1985 ;
γ = 2,4 .×2/(..×) ;
d - , , : , , , , - 1,4; , , - 1,2; , 65 .. - 1,0; , 65 .., - 0,7.
σ - , , :
ü (23)
5
, , | 8,0 |
(9 ) | 6,0 |
, | 4,0 |
, : | 4,0 3,0 1,5 1,0 |
1 ./ | 0,8 |
0,2 - 0,025 | |
, 50 .. | 0,25 |
- , | 0,15 |
0,1 | |
, | 0,025 |
ü (24)
σ ;
m(i) - i- (/);
A(i) - i- (./), (i) :
A(i) = 1 / (i); (11)
R - (2/),
U - (/), U , 2,5 /;
f0 - , DT - , :
ü (25)
6
(ΔT < 10C) | 1,0 |
(ΔT 10 - 100) | 1,5 |
(ΔT > 100) | 2,0 |
- ().
ü (26)
3. , (ΔT < 10) , 65 .., 70 /, - 1 /, 2 ? , , .
() = 0,6 /3; () = 0,04 /3;
ü (27)