, - , , . - . , , , ( . ., 1962). , . , , , , , , . .
, , - ( . ., 1987). , . . , .
, , , , , . 11! IP, , . 43% ( , , ). (24%), 10% . 2, -
N-19 | N-8 | N-22 | N-23 | |
- ( %), | 42 | 0 | 45 | 57 |
, (Seeman ., 1962, McLaughlin J., Kriegsmann E., 1980), , ( . ., - . ., 1978), . J. Tomblin (1989) (51 ) , 2- , (Specific Language Impairment, SLI). . 22,9% 2,9% 136 . 53% . SLI 30 . J. Tallal . (1989), 1- 90 SLI, 77% . 41,5% . 60 18,5% . . . Rice . Wexler (1998) 31 4,55,5 SLI, - () . 58,1% , 35,5% , , 64,5%
|
|
6 , . .
78
/, 79
80 |
. ( ) : 19%, 22% 37%. , , . (. 5).
, 2 , . , --.
D; - ; |
. 5. |
SLI |
S. Felsenfeld (1994) , . 53% . , , R. V. Spitz, P. Tallal, J. Flax A. A. Benasich (1997). 10 1620 ( ), , ( , !. . Mandler) - . . . , , , ( -). , . -
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|' , ( . 1).
('. Billard . (1994), 11 , -i . , , , , - -. , . , , - ( ), ( ) .
-| i . , (>. . Plante, . Shenkman M. 1(1996) , . , 38% ( 0). , 63% ( 17%). J. P. Buckwalter (1994), , 21% SLI . , .
2 SL1. ( ), ( ). . Lahey J. Edwards (1995) . : , . , (47 22). , (57% 17%). (53% 27%). , , .
. Byrne, L. Willerman L. Ashmore (1974) , , , , . , . Lahey J. Edwards. , . , , -
81
run . (MateicekZ., 1972, 1987).
7. D. V. Bishop . (1995) 63 27 7 , . - 100%, 50%. -. - - (44%) (43%) . . J. Tomblin P. Buckwalter (1994) 82 , ' , SLI. - 80%, 38%. . Lewis L. Tompson (1992) 57 : 86% ( ) 48% .
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|
D. V. Bishop (1992) 2 : (1) , , (2) , . (1) 3 . (2) . 61 67% 32%.
, SLI. SLI -- , . . W. Bartlett, J. F. Flax, M. W. Logue et al (2002) , SLI, 13 (2 ), 2 17 ( ). SLI 16 19 (SLI Consortium, 2002).
SLI , .
7 () , () . ( ) , ( ) , ( ) ( ) ( . ., . , . ., 1998).
82
.1 . () , . , -11 . . . Lewis , |, , 24% 35,5%. J. Neils D. Aram (1986) -' 54,9% .
. Lewis, . L. Ekelman, D. . Aram (1989) . , . : ) ( ) ) ( ). ( ) , , , , . , . , . , ( ) 25,5% , 12,4% ( 5,3% 2,3% ). .
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SLI (Leonard L., 1998). . , , . , , -, .
(26%) ( . ., 1995) , . ( - ), , , ( 5% 60%). , , ( 45% 5%) ( 25% 60%). , , .
83
- , , , , ( . ., 1995, 1997). , . . , , , . . - , , . , , - . .
, 1 2, , . , (),* , , . , (Bates E., Thai D., Marchman V., 1991). . . . , . , . , . V. Spitz . (1997). , , -: . . I 1. . . 8.
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. . . (1970) 104 : 13%, 6%, Rh- 9%, -
m 5%, 8%, 30%, 1 25%, ; II 27%. . . . . (1980) 843 I 50% 25% . . (1975), 60% 11.; i . . -, (1984), - 92%, 13%, 67% , 66% . . Schery (1985), -i in- 718 , : 26%, 15,7%, Rh- 9,3%, 18,8%. D.W. Bishop (1997).
: .
79% - - (. 3).
3
-