: (1) ( ) ? (2) - , ?
(., ., ., ., . .) . , . . ( ) () (Olson and Cromwell, 1975: 5). . : , , ( ..) (March, 1969: 170).
, , . , ( ) (Simon, 1957: 66).
, . [.178] , ? . -, , , , , , , . -, ; ( ). . , , , , .
, , , , . , , , , . , . . , . , , , -; , , (Bachrach and Baratz, 1970: 22, 28, 34).
, , . , , . , , , [.179] . , , (De Crespigny, 1968: 192193).
|
|
. -, , . , , , , (Bachrach and Baratz, 1970: 29). : ( ) , ( ) ? , , . , . :
" " , - , , . ( ) . (Chazel, 1976: 62) |
, , , , : , , . , [.180] 15. , . , -, : ( ); - , 16. , , ().
: , . , , . , . , , , .
|
|
, , . () (). . [.181]
1 : , (1) (2) -. .
2 ( affecting and effecting); .
3 , (10. , ).
4 , , .
5 (to ensure rain), , , , : , .
6 , , , ( , , , , ), .. . , , , , (Morriss, 1987: 33).
7 , . , - ; , .. . .
8 , X , ., (), X . (Oppenheim, 1981: 29).
9 , , , , , -, , .
10 . .
11 , , , . ( , ), , , ( ), .
|
|
12 ., . ., decisions, outputs outcomes. Decisions , outputs , (public agency) ( ), outcomes (Levy, Meltsner, Wildavsky, 1972: 2,7).
13 ( ), . , , ( , ) , , ( ) .
14 , 13 .
15 , , ( ), , .
16 12 , , , , , .