, , ( ). TCP/IP IP, ( ) IP- .
IP address (addr) ip iproute2 ifconfig.
: , , .
IP- ip addr show. , , IP- . , (, ip addr show eth0).
$ ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6::1/128 scope host
2: irda0: <NOARP> mtu 2048 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 8
link/irda 00:00:00:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff
2. IP- ip addr show (html, txt)
(inet IPv4, inet6 IPv6 . .), , ( ), , (scope global , scope link , scope host ) .
ifconfig, .
$ ifconfig eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1d:72:01:ab:93
inet addr:192.168.11.11 Bcast:192.168.11.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::21d:72ff:fe01:ab93/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:69333 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:69736 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:37148192 (37.1 MB) TX bytes:5619320 (5.6 MB)
Interrupt:16
3. eth0 ifconfig (html, txt)
IP- ip addr del. IP- (192.168.11.11), (/24) (dev eth0). .
# ipaddressdel 192.168.11.11/24 deveth0
# ip addr show eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:1d:72:01:ab:93 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet6 fe80::21d:72ff:fe01:ab93/64 scope link
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|
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valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4. IP- eth0 ip addr del (html, txt)
IP- ip addr add. IP-, , , ( : brd +, :brd 192.168.11.255).
# ip address add 192.168.11.11/24 brd + dev eth0
5. IP- eth0 c ip addr add (html, txt)
IP- ifconfig.
# ifconfig eth0 inet up 192.168.11.11 netmask 255.255.255.0
6. IP- eth0 ifconfig (html, txt)
ARP-
Ethernet IP , (IP-) (MAC-) . MAC- IP- ARP (Address Resolution Protocol). ARP , ARP- ( MAC- FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF) IP-. ARP- , , IP- , ARP- ( MAC- ) MAC-.
ARP- (), IP MAC- , . ARP- :
, ARP ( "", ).
, , .
ip neigh arp ARP-.
:
1) Linux?
2) iproute2?
3) Linux?
4) ARP-
:
1. . . . 4- . 2015
2. . . Linux 4- - 2012
