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.. . 1




1. 0-, , - , . -?

- .. , - . T = mc2, T - , m - . Ei

Ei = + mc2 = 2T,

= T.

- -.

2. p - , K+ -: K+ + + + + -. :
= 493.646 , = 139.658 .

K+- = . . ,

= (493.646 3x139.658 ) = 74.672 .

3. X, :
1) ; 2) ; 3) .

Q, B, S I3 X:

1)    
  Q: -1 + 1 -1 + 1 + QX QX = 0
  B: 0 + 1 0 + 1 + BX BX = 0
  S: 0 + 0 -1 + 0 + SX SX = 1
  I3: - 1 + 1/2 -1/2 + 1/2 + (I3)X (I3)X = -1/2

K0-.

2)    
  Q: -1 + 1 -1 + 0 + QX QX = 1
  B: 0 + 1 1 + 0 + BX BX = 0
  S: -1 + 0 -3 + 1 + SX SX = 1
  I3: -1/2 + 1/2 0 - 1/2 + (I3)X (I3)X = 1/2

K+-.

3)    
  Q: 1 - 1 -1 + 1 + QX QX = 0
  B: 1 - 1 1 + 0 + BX BX = - 1
  S: 0 + 0 -2 + 0 + SX SX = 2
  I3: 1/2 - 1/2 -1/2 + 1 + (I3)X (I3)X = - 1/2

-.

4. : 1) ; 2) ; 3) .

Q, B, S I3 :

1)    
  Q: -1 + 1 -1 + 1 -1 Q = - 1
  B: 0 + 1 1 + 0 + 0 B = 0
  S: 0 + 0 -2 + 1 - 1 S = - 2
  I3: - 1 + 1/2 -1/2 + 1/2 -1/2 I3 = 0

, .

2)    
  Q: 1 + 1 2 + 0 Q = 0
  B: 0 + 1 1 + 0 B = 0
  S: 0 + 0 0 + 0 S = 0
  I3: 1 + 1/2 3/2 + 0 I3 = 0

, .

3)    
  Q: 1 + 0 1 + 0 Q = 0
  B: 0 + 1 1 + 0 B = 0
  S: 1 + 0 -1 + 0 S = - 2
  I3: 1/2 -1/2 1 + 0 I3 = 1

, .

5. , : 1) ; 2) ; 3) .

. Q, B, Le :

1)    
  Q: 0 + 1 0 + 1 Q = 0
  B: 0 + 1 1 + 0 B = 0
  Le: 0 + 0 0 + 0 Le = 0
  : -1 + 0 0 -1 = 0

, .

2)    
  Q: 0 + 0 1 -1 Q = 0
  B: 0 + 1 1 + 0 B = 0
  Le: -1 + 0 0 + 0 Le = 1
  : 0 + 0 0 + 1 = 1

, .

3)    
  Q: 0 + 0 1 -1 Q = 0
  B: 0 + 1 1 + 0 B = 0
  Le: 0 + 0 0 + 0 Le = 0
  : - 1 + 0 0 + 1 = 2

, .

6. : p, n, , 0, 0, -.

  u u d p
+2/3 +2/3 -1/3  
       
  u d d n
+2/3 -1/3 -1/3  
       
  u d s
+2/3 -1/3 -1/3  
    -1 -1
  u d s 0
+2/3 -1/3 -1/3  
    -1 -1
  u s s 0
+2/3 -1/3 -1/3  
  -1 -1 -2
  s s s -
-1/3 -1/3 -1/3  
-1 -1 -1 -2

7. , .

4He ( (4He) = , JP(4He) = 0+) - 1s1/2. JP() = 1/2+, - () = .

, () = (4He) + () = + = ,
() = (4He) + () = + =
P() = P(4He) P() = (+1) (+1) = +1.
: JP() = 1/2+, I() = 0.

4He, - 1s1/2. 1s1/2, , ,
JP( ) = 0+.

, () = (4He) + () + () = + + = ,
() = (4He) + () = + =
P() = P(4He) P() = (+1) (+1) = +1.
JP = 0+, I () = 0.

8. p-p, n-n, p-n.

p-p: n-n:
p-n:  
 

 

9. , "", ,
++, -, - .

++ - (uuu), - - (ddd), - - (sss). JP = 3/2+. . . s = 1/2 s = - 1/2. , , 3/2+, , , . ( ). , - "". "" , . "" - , , .

10. , : 1) 2) 3)

1)    
  Q: - 1 + 1 0 + 0 Q = 0
  B: 0 + 1 1 + 0 B = 0
  S: 0 + 0 - 1 + 1 S = 0
  I3: - 1 + 1/2 0 - 1/2 I3 = 0

.





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