1. 0-, , - , . -?
- .. , - . T = mc2, T - , m - . Ei
Ei = + mc2 = 2T,
= T.
- -.
2. p - , K+ -: K+ + + + + -. :
= 493.646 , = 139.658 .
K+- = . . ,
= (493.646 3x139.658 ) = 74.672 .
3. X, :
1) ; 2) ; 3) .
Q, B, S I3 X:
1) | |||
Q: | -1 + 1 -1 + 1 + QX | QX = 0 | |
B: | 0 + 1 0 + 1 + BX | BX = 0 | |
S: | 0 + 0 -1 + 0 + SX | SX = 1 | |
I3: | - 1 + 1/2 -1/2 + 1/2 + (I3)X | (I3)X = -1/2 |
K0-.
2) | |||
Q: | -1 + 1 -1 + 0 + QX | QX = 1 | |
B: | 0 + 1 1 + 0 + BX | BX = 0 | |
S: | -1 + 0 -3 + 1 + SX | SX = 1 | |
I3: | -1/2 + 1/2 0 - 1/2 + (I3)X | (I3)X = 1/2 |
K+-.
3) | |||
Q: | 1 - 1 -1 + 1 + QX | QX = 0 | |
B: | 1 - 1 1 + 0 + BX | BX = - 1 | |
S: | 0 + 0 -2 + 0 + SX | SX = 2 | |
I3: | 1/2 - 1/2 -1/2 + 1 + (I3)X | (I3)X = - 1/2 |
-.
4. : 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
Q, B, S I3 :
1) | |||
Q: | -1 + 1 -1 + 1 -1 | Q = - 1 | |
B: | 0 + 1 1 + 0 + 0 | B = 0 | |
S: | 0 + 0 -2 + 1 - 1 | S = - 2 | |
I3: | - 1 + 1/2 -1/2 + 1/2 -1/2 | I3 = 0 |
, .
2) | |||
Q: | 1 + 1 2 + 0 | Q = 0 | |
B: | 0 + 1 1 + 0 | B = 0 | |
S: | 0 + 0 0 + 0 | S = 0 | |
I3: | 1 + 1/2 3/2 + 0 | I3 = 0 |
, .
3) | |||
Q: | 1 + 0 1 + 0 | Q = 0 | |
B: | 0 + 1 1 + 0 | B = 0 | |
S: | 1 + 0 -1 + 0 | S = - 2 | |
I3: | 1/2 -1/2 1 + 0 | I3 = 1 |
, .
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5. , : 1) ; 2) ; 3) .
. Q, B, Le :
1) | |||
Q: | 0 + 1 0 + 1 | Q = 0 | |
B: | 0 + 1 1 + 0 | B = 0 | |
Le: | 0 + 0 0 + 0 | Le = 0 | |
: | -1 + 0 0 -1 | = 0 |
, .
2) | |||
Q: | 0 + 0 1 -1 | Q = 0 | |
B: | 0 + 1 1 + 0 | B = 0 | |
Le: | -1 + 0 0 + 0 | Le = 1 | |
: | 0 + 0 0 + 1 | = 1 |
, .
3) | |||
Q: | 0 + 0 1 -1 | Q = 0 | |
B: | 0 + 1 1 + 0 | B = 0 | |
Le: | 0 + 0 0 + 0 | Le = 0 | |
: | - 1 + 0 0 + 1 | = 2 |
, .
6. : p, n, , 0, 0, -.
u | u | d | p | |
+2/3 | +2/3 | -1/3 | ||
u | d | d | n | |
+2/3 | -1/3 | -1/3 | ||
u | d | s | ||
+2/3 | -1/3 | -1/3 | ||
-1 | -1 |
u | d | s | 0 | |
+2/3 | -1/3 | -1/3 | ||
-1 | -1 |
u | s | s | 0 | |
+2/3 | -1/3 | -1/3 | ||
-1 | -1 | -2 |
s | s | s | - | |
-1/3 | -1/3 | -1/3 | ||
-1 | -1 | -1 | -2 |
7. , .
4He ( (4He) = , JP(4He) = 0+) - 1s1/2. JP() = 1/2+, - () = .
, () = (4He) + () = + = ,
() = (4He) + () = + =
P() = P(4He) P() = (+1) (+1) = +1.
: JP() = 1/2+, I() = 0.
4He, - 1s1/2. 1s1/2, , ,
JP( ) = 0+.
, () = (4He) + () + () = + + = ,
() = (4He) + () = + =
P() = P(4He) P() = (+1) (+1) = +1.
JP = 0+, I () = 0.
8. p-p, n-n, p-n.
p-p: | n-n: |
p-n: | |
9. , "", ,
++, -, - .
++ - (uuu), - - (ddd), - - (sss). JP = 3/2+. . . s = 1/2 s = - 1/2. , , 3/2+, , , . ( ). , - "". "" , . "" - , , .
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10. , : 1) 2) 3)
1) | |||
Q: | - 1 + 1 0 + 0 | Q = 0 | |
B: | 0 + 1 1 + 0 | B = 0 | |
S: | 0 + 0 - 1 + 1 | S = 0 | |
I3: | - 1 + 1/2 0 - 1/2 | I3 = 0 |
.