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1-2
(, )
1996
:
1) (the Participle).
2) (the Gerund).
3) (the Infinitive).
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(THE PARTICIPLE)
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: I (Participle I) II (Participle II).
Participle I ( to) -ing:
Go going
Stand standing
Study + ing = studing
Live living
Come coming
Participle II () ( to) -ed -d, e:
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Discuss discussed
+ ed =
Use used
Participle II (. ):
Do - done put - put
Begin - begun say - said
Speak - spoken write written
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1. Participle I , Participle II . () .
Function, smoking, testing, translated, written, running, killed,
broken, mailed, weather, sister, armoured, taken, permitting, typed, finished, seeing, crosseu, crossing, through, understood, cut, names.
2. Participle I Participle II , , , -ed (-d) [d], [t], [d], [t] [id]:
To open, to smoke, to translate, to test, to kill, to break, to type, to mail, to stretch, to cross, to take, to speak, to attend, to come, to go, to dress, to study, to do, to run.
3. . , Participle I , Participle II .
: a fading flower
broken umbrella
) running boy, a smoking man, a smiling girl, a flying bird, a moving bus, a falling star;
) a translated text, a mailed letter, cut hair, a broken car, a tested method, heated water.
4. , Participle I. 31.
1) A new broadcasting station began to function.
2) As my sister was very ill, I had to go alone.
3) The engineer examining the new computer works at this plant.
4) The boy smiled happily because he had received a beautiful toy.
5) When crossing the street I was stopped by a stranger.
6) Hitler`s tanks were moving towards the city, putting nearby villages to flames.
5. ,
Participle II. .
1) I shall have my photo taken.
2) She gave me a written exercise.
3) I like skacing petter than any other sport.
4) The building of the bridge is coming to the end.
5) The discussed method is widely used now.
6) Spoken English changes quicker than written English.
. Participle I Participle II . Participle I Participle II .
( ) ( ). 3. :
) :
He examined the moving parts of the machine very carefully. Participle I moving the parts.
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The man [ examining the new machine tool] is our chief engineer.
Participle I examining the men, . the new machine Participle I , - . ( ).
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Participle II , , , .
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1) Houses [erected of timber] are not durable.
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2)The plants [affected by the cold ] produced low crops.
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affected produced -ed(-d), affected, , , by.
: ed, to be to have, by, , Participle II .
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3) The conference [attended by scientists from different countries] discussed new trends and methods in this field of research.
attended by, the conference.
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4) The method [applied] increased the assurance of the results.
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ed Participle II, . , .
, Participle I Participle II , , Participle I , .
PARTICIPLE I
Active Voice Passive Voice
Indefinite asking being asked
(infinitive + -ing) (being + Participle II)
Perfect having asked having been asked
(Having + Participle II) (having been + Participle II)
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1) Diving Britain from the continant the English Channel forms the southern border of England.
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2) Having finished their supper, the boys started for the door.
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, Participle I Indefinite Active -() -(), . Participle I Indefinite Active - - .
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, , , when while.
When looking through the book I came across an interesting picture.
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When travelling in the mountains he often met wild animals.
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He spent the whole day [sitting in the armchair and smoking cigarette after cigarette] . (? ?), .
Participle II ( ) . if (), unless ( ), when (), as (, ) .. . , , , , .
1)[When heated] ice begin melting.
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2)[Constructed at the end of the last century] the mansion slowly destroys.
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, , the, mansion. (, , .) .
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6. , Participle I , Participle II:
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7. , . .
) living
1) Living high in the mountains he seldom went down to learn the news. 2) His family has been living in Scotland since the end of the Worle War II. 3) The girl living in the small house not far from the forest was always very sad ().
) singing
1) Mary came in singing loudly. 2) The children singing in the church chorus ( ) took part in the festival. 3) Mother was singing something looking through the window from time to time.
8. , . .
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) done
1) My sister has done her homework and is watching TV now.
2) Being done in a short time the translation was highly paid. 3) The work done by the laboratory accelerated the launching () of the rocket.
) published
1) His book has not been published yet. 2) Books published some books on Russian history.
9. , 1) Participle I Indefinite Active Participle I Perfect Active. 1. .. .
1) , . 2) , . 3) , . 4) , . 5) , . 6) , , .
10. . . , . .
1) Having built the hospital. the builders left our town.
2)Building a new house builders used new constructive materials.
3) Having spent all his money he decided to return home. 4) When going home they met their teacher. 5) The modern nine-storeyed building being erected opposite my house is a new hotel for foreigners.
1) 9- , . 2) . 3) , . 4) , .
4) , .
11. , . . .
1)While living in London he visited all its famous museums.
2) Having done his homework my younger brother went to the cinema. 3) Specialists trained at our universities and academies work in different fields of economy. 4) If asked he will explain everything. 5) Being very busy we refused an invitation.
6) Comrade Ivanov training our school volley-ball team is a good sportsman. 7) Having been published the book became a best seller.
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, : . , , . 10-11 .
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1)[Entering the room suddenly] she found the boys smoking.
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2)[Having realised] that she had missed the plane the women got upset very much.
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, , this, it there. , . , . .
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1) The problem be ing very simple, everybody understood it at once.
, - ing, .. . , everybody, understood . , , , the problem beingvery simple , .
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2) The car stopped, there be ing no fuel in the tank.
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3) My mother was cooking dinner, my sister help ing her.
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, . Participle I Perfect Active Passive , , . :
1) The site having been chosen, the architects and builders started the work.
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2)The train having arrived a the station, we greeted our friends who had come to meet us.
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12. , , , . .
1) The readings of this device are correct.
2) When being angry, count a hundred.
3) Being placed in a vessel, a gas filled it completely.
4) Having been asked to make the experiment, the student went to the laboratory work.
5) Distilled water is used in laboratory work.
6) The congress attended by scientists from all the institutions concerned attracted much attention.
7) Having discovered the properties of the electron, scientists utilized it for the service of man.
8) Recognizing a problem the scientist makes the first step to its solution.
13. , . , . , .
1)Having been equipped with electronic computers many modern plants use them for controlling various processes.
2)Washington having been planned very carefully, it is easy to get to any point of the capital.
3)The book being taken from me, I cannot work any more.
4)Many men preceded Newton in the field of mechanics, perhaps the most outstanding person being Galileo.
5)The wolf having been killed, the villagers could now sleep in place.
6)The scientist gave explanations of the observed facts, his report being accompanied by tables and diagrams.
7)Having lost the plan of the district, she could not fand the street she needed.
8)Reading aloud every day you can improve your English.
14. :
1) , .
)A storm coming on, we flied to shelter.
) A storm coming on from the west made us flee to shelter.
2) , .
)We were permitted to start if the weather was fine.
)Weather permitting, we shell start tomorrow.
3) , .
)The working day being over, she went straight home.
)The working day was over later than usually and she went straight home.
4) , .
)When combining chemically hydrogen and oxygen form water.
)We can get water combining chemically hydrogen and oxygen.
, . , Participle I Participle II , ( , ), . , . , , , . :
The meeting being ever, everybody left.
() , .
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ED- ING-.
