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.

 

 

 

 

 

..

 

 

 

: 221000

:

 

 

2011 .

 

 

 

1.

................................................ 4

 

2.

........10

 

3. - ................................13

 

4. - ....................19

 

5. ..................................23

 

6. ....................................27

 

7. ...............31

 

1

 

 

, :

- ;

- ;

- ;

.

:

1. m = 5 .

2. j 1 = 270.

3. j 2 = 30.

4. R = 1.

5. w1= 90/c.

6. w2= 30/c.

7. S = 0,5 .

8. V = 1 /.

 

. 1.

 

V,, S
φ1 ω1

           
     
 
 
 


 

       
   
 
 


 

       
   
 
 


           
     
 
φ2 ω2
 
 


 

. 1.

 

1. :

 

1 = m R ( + 2 g cos j 2), NBZ =

 

, 3, 2 .

. .. , - = 0.2.

2 , , 2 = 2.0.

3 . 3 = 2.3.

, j 2 = 0.

:

w1 = 90/c = = 1.57 ,

j1 = 270 = = 4.71

, :

 

1= = = 131.1 ,

= = 15.08 ,

= 5 * 19.6 = 98

 

N1 :

N1 = , NBZ = = = 29.5

 

h = 0.8, :

N1 = 221.9

 

N1 = 250 .

- 250, :

- N = 250

- = 0.8

- = 3000

2. .

2 = m R ()

:

= 0.1, 2 = 1.1, 3 = 1.8.

w 2 j 2 :

w 2 = 30/c = = 0.52 ,

j 2 = 60 = = 1.05

, 2 = max a = 0, , :

 

2 = = = 65.5 ,

= 5*2.32 = 11.6 ,

= 5* 10.78 = 53.9

N2:

N2 =

h = 0.8 ,

N2 = = 48.65

N2 = 50 .

-50. :

- N = 50 ,

- = 0.16 ,

- = 3000

 

2 (.2), h = 0.2 , :

F = = = 327.5

 

h

m

 

R

 

 

. 2. .

 

F :

D =

n=1.5 ( ) P = 0.5 , :

 

D = = 35.37

40 .

 

3. :

F = 1m

1 = 2.0, = 0.1, :

F = = 100 ,

 

F = 3.5 =3.5 = 35 ,

 

Fc = F + F = 100 + 35 = 135

, :

- D = 50 ;

- d = 36 ;

- S = 500 ;

- P = 1.0

:

- F = 1960 - ;

- F = 940 - .

 

, : , , , 8.35 .

 

, .

:

D =

(n = 1.5), 0.5 . :

D = = = 22.71

D = 25 .

£ 18... 20, Lmax:

Lmax = 20 D = 20*25 = 500

S=500 , . D = 32 , Lmax = 640 . d = 7 , = = 0.22 = 0.2... 0.7 .

 

 

1.

 

, :

- ;

- ;

- .

- , .

 

:

 

1. m = (1 + n) .

2. j 1 = (60 + 10n) .

3. w1 =(30 + 2n) .

4. H = (0.2 + 0.05n) .

5. V1 = (0.1 + 0.02n) .

6. S = (0.3 + 0.03n) .

7. V2 = (0.1 + 0.02n) .

8. R = (0.2 + 0.03n) .

 

n - .

 

2

 

 

1.

( N 1.)

= 15.08 = 98 , .. > , . :

U = ;

- ().

- 250, :

- N1 = 250 ;

- = 0.8 ;

- n = 3000 /.

- , (0.7 - 0.9). , = 0.8, :

U = = 177

( ). w1

w1 = 90 / = 15

w = 3000 1/ ,

Uw = = = 200

.. Uw > U. , :

-

w = U w1 = 177 * 15 = 2655 1/

- - 250 , . . .

 

2.

 

= 11.6 = 53.9 , . . > , . :

U =

- 50, :

- N2 = 50

- = 0.16

- n = 3000

... h = 0.8

U = = 512

, , , , . :

- , -;

- , > 0.16 .

. :

           
   
 
     
 
 

 

 


                 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 

 

 


U1 U2

, .

U1 -

U2 - - .

U2 = 4, U1 :

U1 = = = 128

. w2

w2 = 30 / = 5

w = 3000 ,

Uw = = = 600

. . Uw > U , .

 

2.

 

1. N1.

2. .

 

 

3

 

-

 

- :

- 2 = 65.5 ;

- i = 4;

- a = (300... 400) ;

 

.

 

1. m :

 

m =

 

, h = 0.9 2 , 2 = 65500 .

 

m = = = 3.5 * 1.24 = 4.34

 

m = 4 .

 

2. :

 

- t = p m = 3.14 * 4 = 12.57 ;

- b = y m, y = 6, b = 6 * 4 = 24 , m = 4, b = 25 ;

- h = 0.6 * m = 0.6 * 4 = 2.4 ;

- s = m = 4 ;

- 2b = 50;

- H = m + 1 = 4 + 1 = 5 ;

- m = 4, d = 0.8... 1.3 , d = 1.0 ;

- m = 4, d = 0.65 ;

- p = 1.2... 1.4 , p = 1.4 ;

 

 

       
   


12.57 25

             
     
 
 
   


2.4 1

5

 

0.65 4

1.4

 

50

.1.

 

3. :

 

- m = 4, Z1 = 14... 20, Z1 = 16

- Z2 = Z1 i = 16 * 4 = 64

 

4. , :

 

- L¢

L¢ = 2a¢ + (d1 + d2) +

:

d1 = m Z1 = 4 * 16 = 64

d2 = m Z2 = 4 * 64 = 256

:

a¢ = (0.5... 2.0) (d1 + d2) = (0.5... 2.0) (64 + 256) = (160... 640)

160 640 , ¢ = 300 , :

L¢ = 2 * 300 + (64 + 256) + = 600 + 502.65 + 30.72=

= 1133.37

-

ZP¢ = = = 90.2

Z = 100, :

L = pmZ = 3.14 * 4 * 100 = 1256

:

a = 0.25 [ L - D1 + ]

D1 = 0.5 p (d1 + d2) = (64 + 256) = 502.65

D2 = 0.25 (d2 - d1) 2 = 0.25 * (256 - 64) 2 = 9216

 

a = 0.25 * [ 1256 - 502.65 + ] =

= 0.25 * [ 753.35 + ] = 0.25 * [ 753.35 + ]

= 0.25 * [ 753.35 + 702.71 ] = 367

 

5. , :

a = 180 - [ ] * 57.3 = 180 - [ ] * 57.3 =

= 180 - 36.7 = 143

,

Z0 = = = 6.35

Z0 ³ 6 .

 

6. :

 

-

da1 = d1 + 2d + RZ1 = (m + R)Z1 - 2d

-

da2 = (m + R)Z2 - 2d

R :

R =

Ft - ,

Ft = = = 568.6

m = 4 l = 1.6 * 10 * m = 6.4 * 10 ,

 

R = = 31 * 10

da1 = (4 + 0.0031) * 16 - 2 * 1.0 = 62.05

da2 = (4 + 0.0031) * 64 - 2 * 1.0 = 254.2

-

df1 = da1 - 1.8m = 62.05 - 1.8 * 4 = 54.85

df2 = da2 - 1.8m = 254.2 - 1.8 * 4 = 247.0

-

hm = 0.9 * m = 0.9 * 4 = 3.6

-

B = b + m = 25 + 4 = 29

-

f = (0.25... 0.4) m = (0.25... 0.4) * 4 = (1... 1.6)

-

e = hm - h = 3.6 - 2.4 =1.2

(0.25... 0.35) m = (1... 1.4) .

 

1.2 1.0

 

 

Æ 64 Æ256

Æ 54.85

 

Æ 62.05

 

 

 

 
 


 

 


. 2.

 

7. , , F2 F0, .

F2 = (1.0... 1.2) Ft = (1.0... 1.2) * 568.8 = (567... 680) H

 

F0 = (1.1... 1.8) qbV2

q - 1 ,

q =

 

q = (25 + 8.5 * 4) * 10 = 59 * 10

V - , / c

V = = = = 0.067

 

F0 = (1.1... 1.8) * 59 * 10 * 25 * 0.0672 = 8.6 * 10

 

F0 , .

 

8. , :

s =

1.98 - , ,

s = = 2.95

 

s £ [s]

[s] - ,

[s] = 0.75 sb

sb - , ; sb = (10... 13) .

2.95 £ 7.5 - .

 

3.

 

. : . .., .. . - : , 1990. - 38 .

 

 

4

 

-

 

- , , :

 

- S = 0.3

- V = 0.02

- Fa = 500

- Fr = 20 L2 =0.1

- - 4-4, - 40

-

 

.

 

1. , . 1:

S V

 


M, j, w

 

Fa

 

 

L1 = H L2

Fr

 

 

. 1.

 

2. d2 :

 

d2 ³

- , , = 0.8,

- g - , g = 1.2... 2.5, g = 1.2,

- [p] - , [p] = (9... 11) , [p] = 9 .

:

d2 ³ = = 5.44

d2 = 6.0 .

 

3. 9484-73 :

 

- p = 1.5 ;

- d = d2 + 0.5p = 6 + 1.5 * 0.5 = 6.75 ;

- d1 = d - p = 6.75 - 1.5 = 5.25 ;

- H1 = 1.866 p = 1.866 * 1.5 = 2.799 .

 
 


P

30

 

 

H1

 

d1 d d2

 

 

.2.

 

4. :

 

- = g d2 = 1.2 * 6 = 7.2

- D = 1.3 d = 1.3 * 6.75 = 8.775

- d = = = 1.01

: d ³ 5 , , d = 5 ,

 

D = d + 2d = 6.75 + 10 = 16.75

 

 
 

 


d

 

D

 

 

H

 

. 3.

 

5. :

s = £ [ s ]

= 1.3, [s] = 40

s = = 13.37 £ 40 - .

:

d = £ [d]; [d] = 40

d = = 3.52 £ 40 - .

6. :

 

- S=0.3 V = 0.02 :

j = = = 125.6 (200 )

= 1 - .

w = = = 84

n = = = 800

 

- :

h- =

y = arctg = arctg = arctg 0.0796 = 56¢

r = arctg = arctg = 651¢

f = 0.12 .

h- = = = 0.395

, y < r.

 

7. :

M = Fa tg (y + r) = 500 * * 0.19 = 285 = 0.285

N = = = 25.3

Mf = f Fr (1 + 2 ) = 0.12 * 20 * * (1 + 2* ) = 207.2 =

= 0.207

2 = 0.492 0.5 .

 

, :

 

N = 25.3

= 0.5

n = 800 /

 

5.

 

 

-.

 

:

 

- 1 = 100

- a = 270

- w1 = 90 /

 

 

1. d1 :

d1 = K1

ybd - , ybd = (0.2... 1.4, ybd = 0.8.

K1 =

[s] :

[s] =

s - 350HB, :

s = 2HB + 70

, 50 HB = 280,

s = 2 * 280 + 70 = 630

S 1.1, .. S = 1.1.

KHL 1 2.6, KHL = 1.8, :

[s] = = 1031

 

 

K1 = = = 7.65

 

d1 = 7.65 = 7.65 * 5.8 = 44.4

2. :

 

- S2 :

S2 = = = 104.6 = 10.5 ;

- V2 :

V2 = = = 0.035 = 3.5 ;

w1 = 90 /c = = 1.57

3. :

 

- m = 2 , :

Z1 = = = 22.2

Z1 = 22, :

d1 = m Z1 = 2 * 22 = 44

S2 = = 103.6

V2 = = 0.0345

-

da1 = d1 + 2m = 44 + 2 * 2 = 48

-

df1 = d1 - 2.5m = 44 - 2.5 * 2 = 39

-

s1 = 0.5 p m = 0.5 * 3.14 * 2 = 3.14

-

P1 = p m = 3.14 * 2 = 6.28

 

, :

 

 

40

6.28

       
   
 
 


3.14

           
     
 
 
 

 


Æ 48

Æ 39 Æ 44

 
 

 


. 1.

 

4. :

 

- S2 = 104.6 , L2 = 110 ;

- , .. p2 = p1 = 6.28 ;

-

Z2 = = = 18

- b2 = ybd d1 = 0.8 * 44 = 35.2 , 36 ;

- b1 = b2 + 0.6 = 35.2 + 3.6 = 38.8 , b1 , b1 = 40 ;

- h = 2.25 * 2 = 45 ;

- ha = 2 ;

- s2 = 0.5 p m = 3.14 ;

 

 

6.28 3.14 36

 

 

. 2.

5. , :

F = = = 454.5 = 45.5

, 454.5 S2 = 110 .

 

6

 

 

.

 

:

 

1. Z = 8

2. t0 = 2

3. 0.4

4. = 10

5. m = 10

 

 

1. , . 1.

 

Æ D

 

 

 



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