5.1 R, , KB.
5.9.1. dz 䳺 , : S, , ZS, 䳺 :
ZS = P·cos(α + β)/cosβ, (5.15)
ZS m S, 䳺 ( ) :
PS = (1 ľ)·m·r·ω2·10-6, , (5.16)
(1 ľ)·m , . (5.7) (5.8).
ZS PS . = ZS + PS P 5.1.
5.9.2. , S P, 90 :
(5.17)
R 5.1. TS , ( 6) .
6.
( )
, , ( 1...5), (. ). , , : .
, ( - ) , .
.
, : . . , .
6.1. , , . , , .
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6.2. KB, , .
6.3. : , , , .
6.4. , , .
6.5. , , , .
6.6. , , , , , . .
6.7. , , , , . .
6.8. , . , .
6.9. , . "-" .
6.10. , . .
6.11. : , , . .
6.12. . , , . .
6.13. , , , .
6.14. , 䳿 , 䳿 , .
˳
1. | .. . : ϳ // .., .., .., .. .: , 2006. 476 . |
2. | .. . .// .., .., ..; , . .. . .: , 1977. 591 . |
3. | : ./ . .. . .: , 1976. 280 . |
4. | .., .. : . .: , 1976. 456 . |
5. | : ./ . .. . .: , 1983. 372 |
6. | .., .. : . .: , 2008. 496 |
7. | . .: , 1988. 515 . |
8. | .. , . .: , 1984. 334 . |
9. | .., .. . .: , 1986. 352 . |
10. | .. . .: , 1990. 352. |
11. | : / .. , .. , .. .; . . .. . .: , 1981. 535 . |
12. | 㺺 .., .. . . : , 2013. 248 . |
13. | .., .. . / . .: . , 1974. 102 . |
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.1
f φ
( ) | ||||
f | φ | f | φ | |
0,010,02 | 0,8...0,9 | 0,03...0,04 | 0,9...1,1 | |
0,030,05 | 0,6...0,8 | 0,05...0,07 | 0,7...0,9 | |
ֳ | 0,030,07 | 0,70,9 | 0,06...0,08 | 1,0...1,1 |
0,060,08 | 0,60,8 | 0,06...0,08 | 0,7...0,9 | |
0,080,10 | 0,60,8 | 0,06...0,08 | 0,8...1,0 | |
() | 0,080,12 | 0,70,9 | 0,07...0,09 | 1,0...1,1 |
г ( ) | 0,120,16 | 0,50,7 | 0,09...0,12 | 0,6...0,8 |
, | 0,140,16 | 0,30,4 | 0,11...0,14 | 0,4...0,6 |
0,160,18 | 0,50,6 | 0,10...0,14 | 0,6...0,7 | |
ϳ | 0,180,20 | 0,30,4 | 0,12...0,15 | 0,8...1,0 |
.2
, 2 | , 2 | ||
1. -450, -451 2. -450, (451) 3. -452 4. -53, -66 5. -130, -131 6. -133 | 3,07 3,23 3,12 4,45 4,46 4,65 | 7. -500 8. -377 9. -5320 10. -258 11. -375 | 5,03 5,07 5,08 5,34 5,60 |
.3
: α: | |
(, ) | 0,87...0,95 |
1,25...1,45 | |
1,50...1,65 | |
1,55...1,80 |
.4
( ): | Q, / | m / | |||
0,854 | 0,142 | 0,004 | 43,600 | 110120 | |
0,857 | 0,133 | 0,010 | 42,500 | 180200 |
5
. | , | , | / | ij D, | ճ S, | . | / | - | |
-20 | 14,7 | 1800,0 | 125,0 | 140,0 | 1- | 15,0 | 279,0 | ||
-212 | 14,7 | 1600,0 | 105,0 | 120,0 | 2- | 15,0 | 258,0 | ||
-211 | 18,4 | 1800,0 | 105,0 | 120,0 | 2- | 15,0 | 248,0 | ||
-120 | 23,5 | 2000,0 | 105,0 | 120,0 | 2- | 15,0 | 238,0 | ||
-37 | 29,4 | 1600,0 | 105,0 | 120,0 | 4- | 16,0 | 252,0 | ||
-48 | 36,8 | 1500,0 | 105,0 | 130,0 | 4- | 16,0 | 272,0 | ||
-50 | 36,8 | 1600,0 | 110,0 | 125,0 | 4- | 16,0 | 265,0 | ||
-37 | 36,8 | 1800,0 | 105,0 | 120,0 | 4- | 16,0 | 258,0 | ||
-65 | 47,7 | 1800.0 | 105,0 | 130,0 | 4- | 17,0 | 255,0 | ||
-52-04 | 55,0 | 2600,0 | 82,0 | 110,0 | 6- | 6,7 | 307,0 | - | |
-14 | 55,1 | 1700,0 | 120,0 | 140,0 | 4- | 14,6 | 265,0 | ||
-240 | 56,6 | 2200,0 | 110,0 | 125,0 | 4- | 16,0 | 238,0 | ||
-14 | 58,8 | 1800,0 | 120,0 | 140,0 | 4- | 16,5 | 244,6 | ||
-41 | 66,0 | 1750,0 | 130,0 | 140,0 | 4- | 16,5 | 252,0 | ||
-2203 | 69,9 | 4500,0 | 92,0 | 92,0 | 4- | 8,2 | 332,8 | - | |
-240 | 73,6 | 2200,0 | 110,0 | 125,0 | 4- | 16,0 | 244,6 | * | |
-108 | 79,4 | 1070,0 | 145,0 | 205,0 | 4- | 14,0 | 256,0 | ||
-160 | 81,0 | 2200,0 | 105,0 | 120,0 | 6- | 16,5 | 244,6 | ||
-672 | 84,6 | 3200,0 | 92,0 | 80,0 | 8-V | 6,7 | 332,8 | - | |
-53 | 90,0 | 3200,0 | 95,0 | 100,0 | 8-V | 7,8 | 325,0 | - | |
-19 | 92,0 | 1900,0 | 120,0 | 140,0 | 4- | 15,0 | 231,0 | * | |
-130 | 102,9 | 1070,0 | 145,0 | 205,0 | 4- | 14,0 | 244,6 | * | |
-260 | 110,0 | 2200,0 | 110,0 | 125,0 | 6- | 16,0 | 238,0 | * | |
-60 | 117,7 | 1900,0 | 130,0 | 115,0 | 6-V | 15,0 | 245,0 | * | |
-62 | 121,4 | 2100,0 | 130,0 | 115,0 | 6-V | 15,0 | 245,6 | * | |
-375 | 132,0 | 3200,0 | 108,0 | 95,0 | 8-V | 6,5 | 340,0 | - | |
-236 | 132,4 | 2100,0 | 130,0 | 140,0 | 6-V | 15,5 | 238,0 | - | |
-180 | 132,4 | 1150,0 | 145,0 | 205,0 | 6-V | 15,5 | 244,6 | ||
-130 | 135,0 | 3200,0 | 100,0 | 95,0 | 8-V | 7,0 | 320,0 | - | |
-72 | 147,0 | 2100,0 | 130,0 | 115,0 | 6-V | 15,0 | 244,6 | * | |
-7401 | 154,0 | 2600,0 | 120,0 | 120,0 | 8-V | 17,0 | 237,7 | * - | |
8-300 | 159,0 | 1600,0 | 150,0 | 160,0 | 8-V | 15,0 | 244,6 | ||
-238 | 161,8 | 1700,0 | 130,0 | 140,0 | 8-V | 16,5 | 238,0 | - | |
-238 | 165,3 | 2300,0 | 130,0 | 140,0 | 8-V | 16,5 | 237,7 | - | |
-238 | 176,5 | 2100,0 | 130,0 | 140,0 | 8-V | 16,5 | 238,0 | *- | |
-240 | 213,0 | 1900,0 | 130,0 | 140,0 | 12-V | 16,0 | 235,0 | ||
-306 | 220,7 | 1500,0 | 150,0 | 180,0 | 12-V | 15,0 | 231,0 | * | |
-117 | 220,8 | 4400,0 | 108,0 | 95,0 | 6-V | 9,5 | 332,8 | - | |
-240 | 264,8 | 2100,0 | 130,0 | 140,0 | 12-V | 16,5 | 238,0 | - | |
-83 | 268,0 | 2100,0 | 130,0 | 115,0 | 8-V | 15,0 | 231,0 | ** | |
-85 | 335,0 | 1800,0 | 150,0 | 160,0 | 8-V | 15,0 | 231,0 | * | |
-240 | 382,5 | 2100,0 | 130,0 | 140,0 | 12-V | 16,5 | 231,0 | * - | |
-12-525 | 386,1 | 2000,0 | 150,0 | 180,0 | 12-V | 15,0 | 238,0 | ||
12-600 | 441,0 | 2000,0 | 150,0 | 160,0 | 12-V | 17,0 | 244,6 | * | |
-90 | 442,0 | 1900,0 | 165,0 | 160,0 | 8-V | 15,0 | 231,0 | * |
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: * ; ** ; ; ( ); ( ); ; , .
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6
,
- | , /2 | |
. . D = 60...120 | D = 80...140 | |
(m): | ||
80...150 | 150...300 | |
150...250 | 250...400 | |
(m) | 100200 | 250400 |
(m): | ||
150...200 | 200...400 | |
100...200 | 130...300 |
7.
( ) .
1. , . , 2,5 %, , , . 2,5%, , . ϳ .
2. S :
1- 15 (S1 = 15), 2- 25 (S2 = 25), 3- 20 (S3 = 20), 4- 20 5- 20 (S4 = 20 S5 = 20, ), 100 ( - 90100 ).
3. S () : 1 .
4. ( ). , 16 , : 1- 3- (N1 = 3), 2- 7- (N2 = 7), 3- 10- (N3 = 10), 4- 13- (N4 = 13), 5- 16- (N5 = 16).
- : = S*(N/N), N , - .
(N/N) (. 7.1)
5. () : ( ) 2 ( 1 , , ). , ( ) :
1- 15 + 6 = 21 , 2- 25 + 6 = 31, 3-, 4- 5- 26 (20 + 6 = 26), 130 .
, 100 . 4 .
.
7.1
(N/N)
. Ni | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
N | ||||||
N | : | |||||
, | ||||||
1,500 | ||||||
1,000 | 2,333 | |||||
0,750 | 1,750 | 2,500 | ||||
0,600 | 1,400 | 2,000 | 2,600 | |||
0,500 | 1,167 | 1,667 | 2,167 | 2,667 | ||
0,429 | 1,000 | 1,429 | 1,857 | 2,286 | ||
0,375 | 0,875 | 1,250 | 1,625 | 2,000 | ||
0,333 | 0,778 | 1,111 | 1,444 | 1,778 | ||
0,300 | 0,700 | 1,000 | 1,300 | 1,600 | ||
0,273 | 0,636 | 0,909 | 1,182 | 1,455 | ||
0,250 | 0,583 | 0,833 | 1,083 | 1,333 | ||
0,231 | 0,538 | 0,769 | 1,000 | 1,231 | ||
0,214 | 0,500 | 0,714 | 0,929 | 1,143 | ||
0,200 | 0,467 | 0,667 | 0,867 | 1,067 | ||
0,188 | 0,438 | 0,625 | 0,813 | 1,000 |
. Ni | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 15 1=15 + 6 = 21 | (6 ) | |||
2 | 25 1 = 25 + 6 = 31 | 15 + 25 = 40 (21+31 = 52) | |||
3 | 40 + 20 = 60 (52 + 26 = 78) | 20 1= 20 + 6 = 26 | |||
4 | 60 + 20 = 80 (78 + 26 = 104) | 20 1= 20 + 6 = 26 | |||
5 | 80+20 = 100 (104+26 = 130) | 20 1= 20 + 6 = 26 |
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1. | |
2. | |
3. | |
4. | |
5. - | |
6. ( ) | |
˳ | |
: |
* (, . . , , ) , , , , .