:
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
8.1. .
, , . , . ( ) , . , , , - , , , , , .
, , cos φ. . , , .
: - - - . .
(. 8.1) :
1) () , , ( ) (. 8.2);
2) , , (. 8.3), , - ;
3) , , 120. ( ) (. 8.4). (6 ).
. 8.1 . 8.2
. 8.4 . 8.3
CI, 2, , 4, 5, . "" ''". ., . , : Δ/ Y -220/380. , 220 . 380/220 "", 220/127 ";
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4) (), . , . - .
(. 8.5) (. 8.6) :
8.5
.8.6
. 8.7
.8.8.
1) , ;
2) , , , (.8.7);
. 8.5
3) , .
, . " " (. 8.8). , . , . "". , , . , . . . . 8.9 , . 8.10 - .
.8.9 .8.10
, .
(8.1)
f - ; - .
. f = 50 . 8.1.
8.1
I | ..... | |||||
Η/ | ..... |
, , . , , - , ( , ..).
(8.2)
1 2 - ; 1 2 - .
, . , , , . n2 .
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(8.3)
(8.3), . , - 2...8%. (8.3)
(8.4)
P=2 n2=1420 /, = 3, n2=950 /.
- 8.11.
. 8.11
. . . , . , , . , , .
:
1) M=f(S);
2) n2=f(M);
3) , .. S, n2, M, I1, cos φ1, η P2.
M=f(S). S ( S = 0 S = I).
, , , f :
f = Bi2l, (8.5)
B - ; i2 - ; l - .
, -f
M= B i2 l * D/2(8.6)
D - .
, N , , , - :
(8.7)
α - .
(8.7) , , , ..
(8.8)
(8.9)
Bm, I2m, - ; ψ2 - .
,
(8.10)
(8.11)
(8.12)
(8.13)
- ; - ; τ - ; P - ; C =const; m2 - ; W2 - .
(8.8)-(8.13) (8.6) (8.7)
(8.14)
I2- .
(8.14)
(8.15)
(8.16)
(8.17)
E1 ; W1- , R2 2 - .
, (8.14) :
(8.18)
S, , (8.18), M = f (S), . 8.12.
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- :
1) Mn, S=I;
2) Mmax S K;
3) M = 0, S=0 ( );
4) MH, SH ( 2H).
. 2...3 .
(8.18) (8.4), nH=f(M), .8.13. , .
. 8.13
, . , . .
(. 8.14). R P =0 .
, U1 ≈ 1. , [. (8.I8)] . . , 10% 19%. (8.18) , , . :
(8.19)
, . , (8.18), S SK (8.19):
8.14
(8.20)
(8.21)
(8.22)
I1a - I1.
, () . - 0,1...0,2. (0,7...,9) , .
COS φ1 . , , :
=P1 (tg φ1-tg φ)·109/2π f1 U1 2 (8.23)
1 - , ; φ1 φ - .
"". 3 , (8.23).
P2 P1,
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(8.24)
. , , , . - , - . - , , . .
(65...95%), . , 75% .
8.2
. 8.17 8.18.
. 8.17
(. 8.18). - , . ( ) . , , . ..
. 8.18
, , *:
MT = 9,81 G l sin α (8.25)
G - , ; l - , ; α - ( ).
R (. . 8.17) .
.
, . (. . 8.17), , ( ).
n1 - n2 . Δn Δ t,
(8.26)
(8.3) n2 (8.4).
n2
P2=MT n2 / 9550 (8.27)
U, I1 P1, , -50 (-505). , . , "", "" "". , , , ..
,
-16-6, -450. -16-6 :
.
8.3
1. , .
2. .
3. . 8.17.
4. ( ). Δt Δn . . 8.8.
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5. [ ). , , 10 90 , Δt, Δn . . 8.2.
8.4
1. U1, I1, P 1, M, S, n2, P2, cos φ1, K η. . . 8.2.
2. :
M=f(P 2); S=f(P 2); n2 = f(P 2); cosφ 1 = f(P 2); η= f(P 2);
- n2= f(M) - M=f(S).
3. .
8.2
U | IA | IB | IC | PA | PB | PC | Δn | Δt | α | U1 | I1 | P1 | M=MT | n2 | P2 | η | Cos φ 1 | C |
* | / | % |
8.5
1. .
2. ?
3. ?
4. .
5. ?
6. .
7. cos φ1 ?
8. .
9. ?
10. ?
11. ,. ?
12. , ?
13. ?
14. .