.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


. (antitrust statutes) -




 

(antitrust statutes) - , .

(information asymmetry) , ,

.

(accounting profit) ( ) , .

(accounting cost) () .

(total revenue, TR) , .

(total cost) ().

() (explicit cost) , .

, (externalities, spillover effects) , , , .

() (implicit cost) , .

(increasing returns to scale) , , , .

(government intervention) , .

, (state, government) , , , .

(long-run period) , , .

(household) , () .

(sole partnership) , -

, .

(law of diminishing marginal utility) .

(the law of diminishing marginal returns) , , , .

, (isoquant), , (), .

, (isocost), , , .

(corporation) , , .

(corrective subsidy) , , .

(corrective tax) , , .

(short-run period) , , .

(minimum efficient scale) , .

(income inequality) .

(normal profit) -

, , , .

() (total product, TP) , .

(returns to scale) .

(negative externality) , . , ( , .).

(partnership) , .

(variable cost, VC) , () () .

(utility, U) , .

(incomes policy) .

(positive externality) , ( , , .).

(unemployment compensation) = -

(unemployment insurance) , , .

(constant returns to scale) , , , .

(fixed cost, FC) , .

, (consumer equilibrium), , , , . ( ) : MUx: Px = =MUy: Py = MUn: Pn.

(producer equilibrium) , , , MR MC, , ; , , MC MR, , . , , .. . , , .

(least-cost rule) , : 1: 1 = 2: 2 = = = n: n, 1, 2, n ; 1, 2, n .

(government transfer payment) (, ..).

() (marginal rate of technical substitution, MRTS) , . MRTSlk = DK: DL = l: k.

(marginal utility, MU)

, .

(marginal cost, MC) , .

(marginal resource cost, MRC) .

(marginal revenue, MR) , .

(marginal product of a factor, ) , .

() (marginal revenue product, MRP) .

(total revenue total cost approach) , , . , (.. ) .

(marginal revenue marginal cost approach) , , . , (MR = MC), .

(social security programs) , , (.. ).

(production function) (), , .

(market demand for an input) , , , .

() (total utility, TU) .

(average cost, ) . .

(average variable cost, AVC) , .

(average fixed cost, AFC) , .

(average revenue, AR) ( ), .

(average product, AP) .

(expansion path) , .

(decreasing returns to scale) , , , .

(firm) , .

(pure public good) , () , ( , , .).

(economic profit) ( ) ( ). , .

(economi cost)

, , . .

 

: [6, . 150162, 183200; 7, . 110116, 142180, 423449; 8, c. 209261; 10, . 136182; 11, . 131135; 12, c. 216259, 327330, 353359; 18, . 7786, 96131, 139141; 19, c. 127138, 245262; 20, c. 174213].

 

 

1. ?

) 15, 27, 35, 40;

) 15, 31, 48, 53;

) 15, 30, 45, 60;

) 15, 25, 35, 50.

2. 20 , 10. 30 . , :

) 30;

) 20;

) 60;

) 10.

3. :

) ;

) ;

) ;

) .

4. ?

) MRPL= 40 ., L=20 ., MRPK = 30 ., K=20 .;

) MRPL= 40 ., PL=40 ., MRPK = 50 ., =50 .;

) MRPL = 40 ., PL=20 ., MRPK = 20 ., =40 .;

) MRPL = 20 ., L=40 ., MRPK = 50 ., K=40 .

5. :

) ;

) ;

) ;

) .

6. :

) ;

) ;

) ;

) .

7. U- ?

) ;

) ;

) ;

) .

8. :

) ;

) ;

) ;

) .

9. :

) ;

) ;

) ;

) .

: 1.); 2. ); 3. ); 4. ); 5. ); 6. ); 7. ); 8. ); 9. ).

:

1. :

) , , 16 ., 4 ., 2 ;

) .

, . , .
       
       
       
       
       

 

2. . 7.1 .

:

) 6 .;

) 4 .;

) 2 .

, .

 

. 7.1.

 

3. :

Q VC AVC FC AFC TC ATC MC
             
               
               
               

:

1. ) ( : MU = = ∆TU:∆Q, MUA:PA= MU:P, I = PA × QA + P × Q; , .. MUA:PA= MU:P, I = PA × QA + P × Q) 3 . 2 . ; ) 67 ;

2. ) Q = 6, = 120 .., = Q × ATC = 6 × 120 = = 720 ..; ) Q = 4, F = 30 .., F = Q × AFC= 4 × 30 = = 120 ..; ) Q = 2, V = 100 .., V = Q × AVC = 2 × 100 = = 200 ..;

3. ( : TC = ATC× × Q, FC = AFC × Q, VC = AVC × Q, TC = FC + VC, MC = ∆TC:∆Q). VC 35; 50; 60; 100, AVC 35; 25; 20; 25, FC 30; 30; 30; 30, AFC 30; 15; 10; 7,5, TC 65; 80; 90; 130, ATC 65; 40; 30; 32,5, MC 15; 10; 40.

 





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