. , , - , . , . - , . , , . , .
, - . , , , , TCP/IP.
, , SDH, .
Ethernet
Ethernet
, .
, , . , , , . , .
Ethernet . , ,
/
CSMA/CD / (carrier-sensemultipleaccesswithcollisiondetection). , Ethernet . , , , , .
, , . , . , " ", , , . Ethernet, , .
Ethernet
, . , (, ). , . Ethernet