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Present Perfect




:

I have played We have played
You have played You have played
He / she / it has played They have played

:

Have I played? Have we played?
Have you played? Have you played?
Has he / she / it played? Have they played?

:

I have not played We have not played
You have not played You have not played
He / she / it has not played They have not played

Present Perfect to have , .

To have :

has 3 , . . (He has played)

have 1 2 .. . . (I have played)

:

hes, theyve . .
hes he is, he has.

, (Participle II), , -ed:

examine examin ed, enjoy enjoy ed, close clos ed

, . .

, :

Have you seen this film?
?

Has she come yet?
?

not. have has havent hasnt :

I havent seen him since then.
.

Present Perfect:

, :

I have visited the Louvre 3 times.
.

, Past Simple:

I visited the Louvre last year.
.

, , :

I have finished reading Dracula this week.
.

Past Simple:

I finished reading Dracula 2 weeks ago.
.

, :

I ve studied Spanish since childhood.
.

I havent seen my hometown for 45 years.
45 .

Past Perfect , :

I called Jim too late, he had already left.
, .

We had lived in Paris for 12 years before we moved to America.
12 .

Past Perfect

:

I had played We had played
You had played You had played
He / she / it had played They had played

:

Had I played? Had we played?
Had you played? Had you played?
Had he / she / it played? Had they played?

:

I had not played We had not played
You had not played You had not played
He / she / it had not played They had not played

Past Perfect to have , .

To have had.

, (Participle II), , -ed:

examine examin ed, enjoy enjoy ed, close clos ed

, .

, :

Had you brushed your teeth before you went to bed?
, ?

not. hadnt.

How did you hope to pass the exam if you had not (hadnt) even opened the textbook?
, ?

Past Perfect:

, , , :

After the Sun had set, we saw thousands of fireflies.
, , .

, :

I finally caught Lucky and looked around. The nasty dog had scratched the furniture, had torn the wallpapers and had eaten my lunch on the table.
. , .

Future Perfect , , .

Next year we shall have been married for 30 years.
30 .





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