I
. 2002
1. 充4
2. 1.5
3. 15
4. 211
5. 2..13
6. 314
7. 3...17
8. 418
9. 4..24
10. 5..25
11. 5.31
12. 6..33
13. 6.40
14. 7..41
15. 7.42
16. 8..42
17. 8.52
18. 9..56
19. 9.58
20. 1058
21. 10...64
22. 1165
23. 11..69
24. 1269
25. 12..70
26. 1370
27. 13..76
28. 1477
29. 14..85
30. 1586
31. 15..88
32. 1688
33. 16..91
34. 1798
35. 17..95
36. 1896
37. 18..104
38. 19
39. 19..
40. 20
41. 20..
1. Law. C.F. Padfield, London, 1984;
2. The Machinery of Justice in England. R.M. Jacksom, Cambridge, 1972;
3. Britain, 1976. An Official Handbook;
4. Britain, 1983. An Official Handbook;
5. Legal Texte for I-year studente, .. , .. , .,1973;
6. .. . . . , ., 1978.
1
,
, . , , 1 .
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- , .
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(, , ) , .
, , ( ). .
, , - . , . - , , , . . - - .
: . . , . .
1 . 7
1. , , , .
2. , .
3. , , :
1) ;
2) , ;
3) .
4. , . .
1. judicial [ dƷui´di∫əl] ;
2. to administer [ a dministə] justice [dƷ stis] ;
3. a court of first/ second instance [instəns] // ;
4. to examine a case in substance [ s bstƏns] ;
5. to bring in a sentence / a decision, a judgement , ;
6. an appeal [Əpi:l] ;
7. a protest [proutest] ;
8. a case of major [meidƷƏ] ;
9. the power of supervision over [sju:pviƷn]
10. a collegian [kƏli:dƷiƏm] ;
11. to be subject to removal [rimi:vƏl] ;
12. an assessor [Ə'sesƏ] ;
13. to sit (sat) ;
14. to receive [risi:v] ;
15. in public [p blik] ;
16. proceedings [prƏʼse:diŋz] ;
17. oral [o:rƏl] ;
18. a participant [pa:tisipant] ;
19. a prosecutor ;
20. an accused ;
21. a defendant ;
22. defence [difens] .
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5. : collegium, organ, activities, military, public, period, material.
6. : to act(, ) - an act, just () - justice, basis () basic, to guide () guidance, to instruct- instruction, to try ( ) trial, present () presence, interest- interested ().
7. , , ().
1. District courts try both criminal and cases;
2.The higher courts hear cases of major impotrance;
3.The Supreme court considers the most important criminal and civil cases;
4.Courts of second instance examine appeals and protests against sentences and decisions of courts of first instance;
5. Judges decide cases accordin to the laws of the state.
8. , :
1.a criminal case
2. Higher courts
3.a civil case
4.court practice
5. state power
6. in public
7. a courtroom
8. the Supreme court
9. , , , :
I. A great number of our students are always present at the
lectures of this well-knowm scientist;
2. Our next session will take place in June;
3. The district court consists of a judge and two people's
assessors;
4. People's assessors sit for two weeks a year.
10. , .
a) , one ,
. one . A court of first instance is card which bears cases in substance and brings in a sentence or a decision. 1. . 2.
) oe, "it" h , ec o , a "to be" ", , It is the duty of the district courts to protect the electroral rights of citizens.
3aae II. a) , , . ) ( ), , , .
e 12. , . , :
1. There are courts of first instance and second instance.
2. A court of first instance examines appeals and protests
against sentences and decisions of other courts.
3. Any court, from the district court to the Supreme Court of the
state, may sit as a court of first instance.
4. Higher courts hear and determine cases of major Importance.
5. The basic judicial organ is the Supreme Court.
13. poc e pa , ako ece op . Haoe Bepxooo Cya (Ha pccko ).
14. 9 11 , , :
9 11
1. cases 1. Courts
2. judges 2. A courtroom
3. a court 3. Courtrol
15. , , .
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16. 11 . ? .
17. :
1. On what basis does the court of the state administer justice?
2. What is the function of a court of first instance?
3. What is the function of a court of second instance?
4. What is the basic judicial organ of the state?
5. What cases does the district court consider?
6. What is the highest judicial organ of the state?
7. What are the functions of the Supreme Court?
8. How do the peoples assessors work?
9. What is the status of judges?
10. May the public be present in the courtroom during the trial?
11. What are the participants of the trial?
18. , :
| The highest judicial organ is |
Its functions
| It has the power of supervision of It gives guiding It tries the most It hears appeals against | |
| The basic judicial organ is. | |
| The court of first instance examines | |
| A court of second instance examines |
19. , :
1. The court is an organ of the state that administers...
2. The basic judicial organ of the state is...
3 The highest.Judicial organ is...
4. The court consists of...
5. PeopIe's assessors have the rights or...
6. Judges are
7. Gases are tried in...
8. Proceedings are...
9. The participants of the trial are...
10. The participants of the trial speak in...
11. Courts examine cases in the presence
e 20. , .
2l. ( ).
1.
The courts and their functions.
I. The court is a state organ that administers justice on the basis of the laws of the state.
2. There are courts of first instance (original jurisdiction) and second instance. A court of first instance is one which first examines a case in substance and brings in a sentence or decision. Any court, from the district court to the Supreme Court of the state, may sit as a court of first instance. A court of second instance is one which examines appeals and protests against sentences and decisions of courts of first instance.
3. The basic judicial organ is the district Court. District Courts try both criminal and. civil cases. It is also the duty of the district courts to protocts the electoral rights of citizens. The higher courts hear and determine cases of major importance.
4. The Supreme Court is the highest judicial organ of the state. It has the power of supervision of the activities of all the judicial organs of the state. The Supreme Court consists of Collegiums: a criminal, a civil and a military collegium. The Supreme Court gives the court guiding instructions on questions of court practice. It tries the most important criminal and civil cases and likewise hears appeals against the judgements and sentences of other courts, as well as appeals against the judgements and sentences of the military courts of the state.
5. The court consists of a judge and two people' s assessors who have all the rights of Judges Then the court is sitting. They each sit for only two weeks, a year and during this period receive their average earnings from their places of work. Then other people's assessors relieve them.
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6. According to the Constitution all judges are elective and subject to removal. Judges are subject to the law.
7. In all courts cases are tried in public and proceedings are oral. The participants in the trial (the prosecutor, the accused, the plaintiff, the defendant and the others) speak in open court, the press having the right to be present. The accused is guaranteed the right to defence.
8. During the hearing of a case any citizen may enter the courtroom and be present during the trial from beginning to end.
2 .12
e I. , , , .
e 2. , .
e 3. , , :
1. to opee oe npao, ;
2. ; .
4. , . .
1. to approve [ pru:v]
2. to define [di'fain]
3. to apply [ 'plai] punishment
4. to protect [pr 'tekt] ,
5. a citizen ['sitizn]
6. an oncroachment [ inkrout∫m nt]
7. to combat [k mb t ] crime
8. to strengthen ['streŋθn]
9. to maintain [men'tein]
10. persuasion [p 'sweiƷ n]
11. like
12. obligatory [əb'ligətəri]
13. to consist of
14. as well as
15. corpus delicti [ kכ:pəs diliktai]
16. have committed
17. to enact [in kt] a law
18. to amend a law
19. a code
20. grounds [graundz]
21. scope [skoup ]
22. complicity [k m'plisiti]
23. to set forth [ fƆ:Ɵ]
24. to list
25. release [ri'li:s]
26. a penalty [ 'pen lti]
e 5.
, ( ): a system, legal, a from, element, procedure, a person.
6. , :
1. general principles
2. legal rules [ru:laz]
3. criminal responsibility
4. individual [indi'vidjual]
types [ taips ]
5. higher organs [haiə]
6. State power
7. Public [p blik] property
8. A special [spe∫Əl] part
9. Law and order [:dƏ]
7. ( ):
Social [ sou∫Əl] ()- antisocial, economy () economic [i:kƏn mik], education () - educational [edju:kei∫naƏl], completed [kƏm pli:tid] () incompleted, to apply () - application[ æpli kei∫n], crime ()- criminal [ kriminƏl].
8. , , , , :
1. A criminal act is an act approved by a higher organ of state power. (, );
2. A crime is antisocial act directed () in the final count ( ) against social relations. (, );
3. The Constitution states: Judges are subject to the law. ();
4. There are 50 states in the USA. ();
5. Russia is a large states. (. );
6. Criminal laws help to protect the person and his rights against criminal encroachments. (, );
7. A criminal is the person who actual commits the crime. ();
8. Criminal laws, like all other laws of the state, are equally obligatory for all citizens. (, );
9. Each crime consists of a number () of individual elements. (, );
10. Individual often feel isolated () in society. ( , );
11. Today the USA is one of the greatest powers of the world. ();
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12. Legislative powers is vested () in Congress, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. ();
13.
 |
The US President has the power of veto (). (, ).
9. , , 1 2 , to be - it:
1. Criminal law is a system of legal rules defining the general principles of criminal responsibility, individual types of crimes and the punishment applied to criminals. (, );
2. The task of criminal law is to protect the social and state system.( , );
3. Criminal law is a system of legal rules approved by higher organs of state power. IT protects the state and social system. (, ).
10.
) , , ;
) ( ), , , , , ;
11. , , , .
12. , , ( ).
13. :
1. Who topic () does the text deal with?
2. What is criminal law?
3. What is the task of criminal law?
4. What are the ways of combating crime?
5. Are criminal laws obligatory to all citizens?
6. What is a criminal law?
7. What organs may enact laws?
8. What form does criminal law take?
9. What does the General Part of criminal law establish and define?
10. What does the Special Part define?
14. , :
| The text deals with |
| Criminal law is a system of legal rules approved And defining |
| The task of criminal law is to |
| Criminal law are |
| The Criminal Code consists of |
| The Special Part defines |
| The General Part determines |
15. :
) (. . 14);
) (. . 10);
) ( ).
2
CRIMINAL LAW
1. Criminal law is a system of legal rules approved by higher organs of state power and defining the general principles of criminal responsibility, individual types of crimes and the punishment applied to criminal.
2. The task of criminal law is to protect the social and state system, existing law and order against criminal encroachments. The state combats crime and other antisocial acts above all by persuasion and by extensive educational work.
3. Combating crime, criminal law helps to strengthen the state.
4. Criminal laws, like all other of the state, are obligatory for all citizens. Criminal laws determine general principles of combating crime as well the corpus delicti of crimes and the punishment applied to persons who have committed these crimes.
5. Only the highest organ of state power may enact criminal laws. No other organ has the right to approve or amend criminal laws.
6. Criminal law usually takes the form of a criminal code, which consists of a general and a special part.
7. The General Part determines the general principles of criminal responsibility, for each crime. It defines the grounds for criminal responsibility, the scope of criminal law, the general (main) elements of a crime, the responsibility for a completed or incompleted crime, and for complicity in crime, it sets forth the purposes of punishment, lists penalties, establishes the procedure of their application, release from punishment and so on.
8. The Special Part defines the types of crime and prescribes the penalties.
3.
1. , , , .
2. , .
3. , , :
) ;
) .
4. , , .
1. a procurator [prƆkjuƏreitƏ]
the Procurators Office
1. to exercise [eksƏsaiz]
2. supervisory power [ sjurpƏvaizƏri]
3. to ensure [in∫uƏ] ,
4. execution
5. to complain
6. concerning
7. a breach of law ,
8. to contain
9. to bring somebody to trial -
10. to conduct ()
11. to institute ()
an instituti
12. to ascertain
13. a circumstance
14. evidence
15. an accomplice
16. to see to it that ,
17. within the law
18. to maintain
19. prosecution
20. to prove a charge
to withdraw a charge
21. to be of the opinion
22. to propose
23. to impose a penalty
24. to lodge a protest ,
25. to find illegal
5. , . A ministry [ministri], an organ [:gƏn], an organization[:gƏnaizeri∫n], an action, an element [elimƏnt], to appeal [Əpi:l], to collect [ kƏlekt], a person.
6. .
A law- lawful-unlawful, to violate ()- violation, to supervize ( )- supervisory, to investigate () investigation, an act (, )- to act, to sentence ()- a sentence, legal () illegal.
7. , :
| 1. Supervisory power 2. a person in office =on official 3. a guilty 4. state security organs 5. a criminal 6. an investigating body 7. to maintain prosecution before the 8. the penalty to be imposed 9. to lodge a protest | 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. , |
8. , , : ) supervisory power , ) exercise , ) it is it, to be .
1. The Procurators Office exercises supervisory power over the strict execution of laws by all ministries, organizations, persons in office and citizens.
2. It is the duty of the procurator to prove the charges against the accused and to propose the penalties to be imposed on the guilty person.
9. ) . , , . 2, 4-8. ) (, ), , .
10. 2 5 , .
11. 2 6 , .
12. , .
13. 3 4 .
14. .
1. What topic does the text deal with?
2. What power does the Procurators Office exercise?
3. What are the rights of the procurator?
4. What are his duties?
5. Does the procurator supervise the investigation of cases conducted by other organs?
6. What other duties has the Procurators Office?
15. , .
| The Procurators Office exercises supervisory power over the strict execution of laws by all ministries, organizations, persons in office and citizens |
| The procurator has the right: |
| The duties of the procurator are: |
16. , .
1. The text deals with.
2. The Procurators Office exercises ..
3. The procurator has the right ..
4. The procurator has the duty to ..
5. The procurator also institutes.., investigates.. and sees to it that..
3
THE PROCURATORS OFFICE.
1. The Procurators Office is an organ of the state that exercises supervisory power to ensure the execution of law by all ministries, organizations, institutions, all persons in office and citizens of the state.
2. The procurator has the right, and it is his duty, to appeal against all decisions and actions of state organs and officials which he considers to be unlawful. Every citizen has the right to complain to the procurator concerning any violation of the law. When a breach of law contains the elements of a crime it is the duty of the procurator to bring the guilty person to trial.
3. The procurator supervises the investigation of cases conducted by the Militia, state security organs and other organs
4. The Procurators Office institutes criminal cases and investigates criminal cases escalates the circumstances under which crimes were committed, collects evidence against the criminal and their accomplices and sees to it that other investigating bodies act within the law.
5. During the hearing of cases the procurator maintains the prosecution before the court in the name of the state. It is his duty to prove the charges against the accused and to propose the penalty to be imposed on the guilty person. If he is of the opinion that the accused is not guilty, it is his duty to withdraw the charge.
6. The procurator has the right to lodge protests with higher judicial organs against the sentences and decisions of courts which he finds illegal.
4
1. , .
2. :
1. a crime ()?
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. , ?
, 3, 4 11, .
3. , :
| 1. to infringe [infrindƷ] 2. to contain [kƏntein] 3. to constitute [kƏnstitju:t] 4. a purpose [pƏ:pƏs] 5. the sum [sλm] total [toutl] of elements 6. to comprise [kƏmpraiz] 7. the corpus [kƆ:pƏs] delicti 8. [ diliktai] of a crime to be ground [ 9. 9. graund] for to establish responsibility of a person 10. to be guilty of having 11. committed a crim unless [ λnles] 12.to continue [kƏntinju:] 13.to pronounce [ prƏnauns] 14. to ascribe [Əskraib] 15. under criminal law 16. to take a shape 17. an immediate object [imi:dj:t obdʒikt] 18. thus 19. murder [mƏ:dƏ] 20. theft 21. rowdyism [raudiizƏm] 22. that is 23. behavior [biheivjƏ] 24. failure to give assistance to a person 25. failure to use authority 26. to be responsible for to hold (held) responsible for 27. to attain a certain age 28. to be composmentis 29. deliberate infliction of bodily injury [indƷƏri] 30. brigandage [briʼgændidƷ] 31. stealing [sti:liɳ] 32. robbary [rƏberi] 33. evil [i:vl] 34. a person in office 35. to account for [ Ə kaunt] 36. in consequence of 37. chronic mensal disease 38. weak- mindedness [wi:k maindidnas] 39. to apply [ 'plai] treatment [ 'tri:tm nt] 40. to affekt [ ' fekt] 41. to be liable ['lai bl] to punishment 42. drunkeness [' dr ŋ k n s] 43. to relive of [ri'li:v] 44. on recovery [ri'k v ri] from one's ilness | - ( ) |
4. :
Triviality [ trivi'æliti], to characterize['kær kt raiz], a form, a method ['me d], criminal ['krimin l] ( ), a person ['p:sn], collective [k 'lektiv], active ['æktiv], object [' bd ikt], subject ['s bd ikt], tostop, stage [steid ], actually ['æktju li], human ['hju:m n], medical ['medik l], general ['d en r l], special ['spe l], military, hospital, nature ['neit ], specific [spi'cifik].
5. :
) : To perform [p 'f:m] ( ) - per'formance, non performance, to inflict [in'flikt] infliction, to commit a crime ( ) comission, to place () placing, to injure ['ind ] ( ) injury ['ind ri];
) : a person() personal; able [eibl]() unable; a body bodily.
6. .
1. a specific crime
2. a socially dangerous ['deind ras] act
3. a socially dangerous nature
4. ommission[ 'mi n]
5. criminal proceedings[pr 'si:diŋz]
6. property rights
7. the accused [ 'kju:zd]
8. age limit [eid ]
9. law and order [':d ]
10. by order of the court
11. ma'terial elements
12. state property
13. individual [indi'vidju l] elements
14. on account of [ 'kaunt]
1.
2.
3. ()
4.
5.
6.
7. , ( )
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
7. , .
8. , , .
I. 1. We study at the Law Institute.
2. The Procurator's Office institutes criminal cases and investigates them.
II. 1. to prevent crime is on of the aims of the Militia.
2. All crimes are in the final court ( ) aimed against the social relations developing in society.
III. 1. The Constitution states: All judges are () to the law.
2. A person who commits a crime in consequence of () some morbid () state is not criminally responsiable.
3. The court administers justice on the basis of the laws of the state.
4. The USA consist of states.
I. 1.
2.
II. 1.
2. ,
III. 1.
2.
3. , ,
4. .
9. , :
1. We regard it our duty to defend our country.
2. We consider it our duty to study well.
3. If a person is non compos mentis he is unable to account for his actions and govern them.
4. each crime consist of a numbe r of individual elements.
5. Social relations are guarded by criminal legislation.
6. Infliction of bodily injury i mpairing health is one of the most serious crimes/
7. Each crime contains a number of individual elements.
10. , :
) :
1) A crime is understood as a socially dangerous act or omission.
1. ;
2. ;
3. .
2) In the absence ()of any element of corpus delicti in the acts of accused criminal proceedings may not be instituted.
1. ;
2. ;
3. .
) Participle I :
A crime is understood as a socially dangerous act or omission infringing law and order.
1. ;
2. ;
3. .
) Participle II :
Did the act ascribed to the accused actually teke place?
1. ;
2. ;
3. ;
) Particible II :
In the absence of any element of corpus delicti in the acts of the accused criminal proceedings, if instituted, must be stopped.
1. ;
2. () ;
3. .
) there + to be:
There can be no 1) criminal responsibility where there is 2) no material element of an act, that is its socially dangerous nature.
1) 1. ; 2) 1. ;
2. ; 2. ;
3. . 3. ;
) unless, before:
1) A person is not guilty of having committed() a crime unless the several elements of corpus delicti have been established in his acts.
1) 1. .
2.
3.
2) If a person is affected by some mental desease before the sentence is passed by the court, he is not liable to punishment.
2) 1.
2. ,
3.
11. I , .
12. , . . , . , .
II.
13. 2 ( ), .
14. , , .
1) .
2) .
3) .
4) .
5) , .
6) , , .
15. . .
1. What is a crime?
2. When is an act not regarded as a crime and what is the consequence of such an act?
3. What is the corpus delicti of a crime?
4. Do you think it is posible to institute criminal proceedings in the absence of any element of corpus delicti in the acts of the accused? Give your reasons?
5. What questions must the court answer in pronoucing its sentence?
6. What is the object of a crime?
7. May a crime be committed only by an act, that is active behaviour of a person?
8. What is the subject of a crime/
9. At what age are persons committing crimes criminally responsiable?
10. In what cases are persons committing crimes not criminally responsible?
11. What does the court do if a person committing a crime is affected by some mental desease before its sentence is passed?
16. , , .
, .
I. 1) A crime is a socially dangerous act infringing law and order.
2) A crime is a socially dangerous act or omission.
3) A crime is a socially dangerous act or omission directed against the social and state system, the system of economy, the rights of citizens or any other act infringing existing law and order.
II. 1) Criminal law does not regard as a crime an act or omission which is njt danderous to society.
2) There can be no criminal responsibility where is no material element of an act, that is, its socially dangerous nature.
3) If an act does not constitute a danger to society, it is not regarded as a crime.
III. 1) Each crime consists of number of individual elements.
2) Thr elements of a crime are: the purpose of thr criminal act, its form and method.
3) All the elements defining a specific crime are the corpus delicti of a crime.
IV. 1) The corpus delicti is dround for establishing criminal responsibility against the person.
2) A person is considered guilty of having committed a crime even if all the elements of the corpus delicti have not benn established in his acts.
3) In the absence of any element of the corpus delicti in the acts of the accused, he may not be considered quilty of having committed a crime and criminal proceedings may not be instituted.
V. 1) The object of a crime is social relations developing in society.
2) Each crime has an immediate object.
3) The object of crimes are human life, state collective or personal property, public law and order.
VI. 1) The subject of a crime is a person who is mentis at the time of the commission the crime.
2) The subject of a crime is a person who the crime and is responsible for it. Only persons who have reached a certain age and are compos mentiscan be subjects of crimes.
3) The subject of a crime is any person who commits a crime.
VII. 1) The persons who have reached age of 14 years before the comission of the crime are criminally responsible.
2) The age limit for any crime is 16 years.
3) The age limit is usually 16 years. For more serious crimes (mirder, brigandage etc.) the age limit is 14 years. For some other crimes the age limit is higher.
VIII. 1) A person who, at the time of the commission of a crime, is non compos mentis is criminally responsible.
2) A person who, at the time of the commission of a crime, is non compos mentis is not criminally responsible. Obligatory medical treatment is applied to him by on order of the court.
3) Obligatory medical treatment is first applied to such a person and then he is held criminally responsible.
IX. 1) A person who, at the time of the commission of a crime, is compos mentis but who, before a sentence is passed by the court, it affected by some mental disease, is liable to punishment.
2) A person who, at the time of the commission of a crime, is compos mentis but who, before a sentence is passed by the court, it affected by some mental disease, is not liable to punishment.
3) Such a person is not liable to punishment, but obligatory medical treatment is applied to him and on recovery he is liable to punishment.
17. , , , ?
TEXT 4
ORIMS.
A crime is understood as a socially dangerous act (or ommission) directed against the social and state system, the system of economy, propety and rights of citizens or any other act that is infringing law and is defind in criminal legislation as dangerous to society.
Criminal legislation states that there can be no criminal responsibility where there is no material element of an act, namely, ita socially dangerous nature. In consrquence, criminal law does not regard as a crime an act or ommission which even if formally containing features of some act covered by criminal law, does not constitute a danger to society on account of its triviality.
Each crime consists of a number of indnvndual elements. Those elements characterise the purpose of the criminal act, the form and method of a criminal action, the character of the criminal act and so forth. The sum total of elements defining a specific crime comprises what is known as the corpus delicti of a crime. The corpus delicti in any act is ground for establishing criminal responsibility against the offender. A person may not be considered quilty of having committed[1] a crime unless the several elements of corpus delicti of a given crime have been established in his acts. In the absence of any element of corpus delicti in the acts of the accused, criminal proceedings may not be instituted, and if instituted, may not be cotinued, and must be stopped at any stage.In pronoucing its sentence the court must above all answer these quections: a) did the act ascribed to the accused actually take place? b) does it contain corpus delicti? c) was the act performed by the accused?
The object of a crime is under criminal law social relations guarded by criminal legislation. This means that all crimes prescribed by the Criminal Code are in the final court aimed against the social relatione taking shape and developing in society. However, each crime has an ummediate object. Thus, murder has as its immediate object humsn life; the ft state, collective or personal property; rowdy i.sm public law and order etc.
A crime may be committed by an act, i. e. The active behaviour of a person, or by an omission, i. e. the non performance of acts which it was his duty to perform (such as failure to use authority).
The subject of a crime is a person who commits the crime and is responsible for it. Only persons who have attained a certain age and are compos mentis can be subjects of a crime. Persons who have reached the age of 16 years before the commision of the crime are criminally responsible; for some crimes (mirder, delistealing, robbery rowdyism with evil intent, etc.) the age is 14 years.
Actually, the age limit for some crimes (committed by persons in office in their official capacity, military crimes, etc.) is considerably higher.
A person who, at the time of the commission of a socially dangerous act, is non compos mentis, i. e. is unable to account for his action or to govern them in consequence of chronic mental desease, temporary mental derangement, weakmindedness or some other morbid state, is not held criminally responsible. Obligatory medical threatment as established by criminal legislation of the state (placing in a general or special mental hospital) may be applied to such a person by an order of the court.
A person who, at the time of the commission of a crime, is compos mentis but who, before a sentence is passed by the court, is affected by mental derangement, is not liable to punishment. By an order of the court compulsory medical treatment may be applied to such a person and on recovery from his illness he may be liable to punishment. A person committing a crime while in a state of drunkenness is not relieved of criminal responsibility.
5
1. , .
2. , , ( ).
3. , , :
) , ?
) ?
) ?
4. , .
1. combat ['k mb t] crime
2. to Procurator's Office ['pr kju reit ]
3. the security organs [si'kju riti]
4. the militia [mi'li ]
5. to perform acts
6. to discover [dis'k v ]
7. an o'ffender
8. to impose a penalty
9. on thr strength of [streŋ ] :
10. to receive [ri'si:v]
11. to commence ['k m ns]
12. to commit a crime
13. to summon [ ]
14. a witness
15. to detain a suspect
16. ect.[it'set r ] . .
17. search [s:t ] ,
18. to testify ['testifai]
19. a person in office
20. to make available [ 'voil bl]
21. to verst power in somebody
22. criminal proceedings [pr 'si:diŋz]= criminal procedure
23. trial [trai l] -
24. preliminary [pri'limin ri] invostication -
5. :
Infor'mation, to in'spect, a fact [fækt], a document [_'d kjum nt], procedure [pr 'si:d ], a series ['si sri:z].
6. , :
to investigate ( ) - an in vestigator;
in vesti'gation; a question () - to question;
to examine [i 'zæmin] ( ) - examination;
to de'mand [a:] () - a demand.
.7. , , , :
 |
1. A crime is a dangsrous antisocial act directed in the final count against social relations.
2. The courts, the Procurator's Office, investigators, the militia, state security organs combat crime.
3. The city court examines more serious cases.
4. You must help your friend with his English in any case.
5. Yesterday I met him in the street, he had two large cases in his hands.
8. , ( "").
I. eradicate () crime we must study () all causes () of crimes.
2. The militia performs a series of acts to establish the circumstances of every crime.
9. ) po . , ;
) , ( ), . .
10. , ( ).
11. :
1.Through what organs does the state combat crime?
2.What acts must these organs perform?
3. What is the investigator to do after receiving information that a crime has been committed?
4. What right have t the in investigator and other organs of during the investigation of a criminal case?
5. What is criminal procedure?
I2. , .
| |||
 |
13. :
) . 12 ( ),
) ( ) (. .9),
) ( ).
TEXT 5
GENERAL RULES
The state combats crime through the courts, the Procurator s Office, invetigators, state security organs, militia and, other organs of inqury. They have to perform a series of acts to establish the fact of the crime, discover the offender and determine the penalty to be imposed on the strength of criaiinal law.
After receiving iformation that a crime has been committed the investigator, for instance, commences the preliminary investigation: he inspects the place of the crime, summons and questions witnesses, detains suspects, etc. During the investigation of a criminal case,he has the right to demand of citizens that they should take part in examinations and searches, and teatify on the facts known to them; and of persons in office that they make available certificates and docujnents, etc. The organs of the militia, the investigator, the procurator and the court must make such deamnds on persons in office and other citizens only within the powers vested in then by law. The law also safeguards the interests of citizens who are summoned to take part in original proceedings.
Criminai procedure is investigation of criminal cases by organs of the militia, preliminary investigation, the Procurator's Office, and trial by the court.
6 . 37
1. , , . 2. , , .
3. , , :
1) , ;
2) , ;
3) " ".
4. ; , :
1. evidence ['evid ns] ;
2. to make a decision [di'si n] - ;
3. guilt [gult] ;
4. innocence ['in s ns] ;
5. the accused [ 'kju:zd] ;
6. circumstance ['s:k mst ns] ;
7. to bring - , ;
8. bring to light (brought [br:t]) - , ();
9 the organ of inquiry [in'kwai ri] - ;
10. a conclusion [k n'klu: n] ;
11. concerning [k n's niŋ] ;
12. verifi'cation ;
13. assessment ;
14. existence [ig'zist ns] ;
15. absence ['æbs ns] ;
16. the injured ['ind d] party ;
17. a suspect ['s spekt] ;
18. an exhibit [ig'zibit] - , ;
19. records ['rek dz] ;
20. having receivedinformation - ;
21. to summon [ ] - ();
22. a
