The Future Continuous Tense

Грамматический справочник

(схемы построения утвердительных, отрицательных

и вопросительных предложений

в основных глагольных временах, косвенной речи и др.)

 

Составлен учителем английского языка

ГОУ СОШ №766

Малаховой Ольгой Викторовной

Grammar Reference (грамматический справочник)

 

to be

(am, is, are)

+	-	?
I am (I’m) a pupil.   We You are pupils. They   She He is (‘s)a pupil. (It)	I am (I’m) nota pupil.   We You are notpupils. They   She He is (‘s) not a pupil. (It)	AmI a pupil? we Are you pupils? they   she Ishe a pupil? (it)
		Short answers: Yes, she is. No, she isn’t. Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.

Was, were (был/были, находился/находились)

 

+	-	?
I She wasat home yesterday. He It   You They were at home yesterday. We	I She was notat home yesterday. He (wasn’t) It   You They were not at home yesterday. We (weren’t)	I Was she at home yesterday? he it   you Were they at home yesterday? we
		Short answers: Yes, she was. No, she wasn’t. Yes, they were. No, they weren’t.

Can ( мочь, уметь) to

+	-	?
I She He It canplay tennis. You They We	I She He It can`tplay tennis. You They (cannot) We	I she he Can it play tennis? you they we
		Short answers: Yes, she can. No, she can’t. Yes, they can. No, they can’t.

Have got (иметь)

+	-	?
I You We have got a computer. They   She He has got a computer. It	I You We have not got a computer. They (haven’t got)   She He has not got a computer. It (hasn’t got)	I you Have we got a computer? they   she Hashe got a computer? it
		Short answers: Yes, she has. No, she hasn’t. Yes, they have. No, they haven’t.

WH- Questions

What…? – Что? Какой? Where…? – Где? Куда? Откуда? When…? – Когда? Why…? – Почему? Which…? – Какой (из)? Который? Whom…? – Кого? Кому? Who…? – Кто? How…? – Как? How much…? – Сколько? (о неисчисляемых существительных) How many…? – Сколько? (об исчисляемых существительных) How long…? – Как долго? Сколько по времени?

Verb Tenses (глагольные времена).

 

Present Simple (Indefinite) -Простое настоящее (every day, usually, often, sometimes, always, never, seldom).

V/Vs

 

+	-	?
I You We speak English. They   She He speak s English. It	I You We don’t speak English. They (do not)   She He doesn’t speakEnglish. It (does not)	Общие вопросы (Yes/No) I you Do we speak English? they   she Does he speak_English? it
		Short answers: Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t. Yes, they do. No, they don’t.
		Специальные вопросы (Wh-?) 1) к сказуемому Where do they speak English? Why does he speak English? With whom does she speak English? 2) к подлежащему Who __ speak s English?

The Past Simple. Простое прошедшее (yesterday, last week, last summer, in 2004,

a week ago, the other day)

Ved/V2

 

+	-	?
I You We II They played football last week. She spoke English yesterday. He It	I You We I They didn’t play football last week. She didn’t speak English yesterday. He It	Общие вопросы (Yes/No) I you we I Didthey playfootball last week. she speak English yesterday? he it
		Short answers: Yes, she did. No, she didn’t. Yes, they did. No, they didn’t
		Специальные вопросы (Wh-?) 1) к сказуемому Where did they speak English? Why did he speak English? With whom did she speak English? 2) к подлежащему Who __ spoke English yesterday?

 

Future Simple (Простое будущее) (tomorrow, soon,

next month, in a few days)

 

will(shall) + V

+	-	?
I We will (shall) speak English.   You They She will speak English. He It	I will not (won’t)speakEnglish We shall not (shan’t)   You They She will not (won’t) speak English. He It	I Will (Shall)we speak English?   you they Will she speak English? he it
		Short answers: Yes, she will. No, she won’t. Yes, they will. No, they won’t
		WH -? 3) к сказуемому Where will you go tomorrow? With whom will she go tomorrow?   4) к подлежащему Who will swim next week?

 

Present Continuous (Progressive) (настоящее длительное) (Now, at the moment, Look! Listen!)

Используется для описания действия, происходящего в момент речи.

 

am/is/are + Ving

 

+	-	?
I am   We You arereadingnow. They   She He is (It)	I am We You are not read ing now. They   She He is (It)	Общие вопросы (Yes/No) AmI we Are you readingnow? they   she Ishe (it)
		Short answers: Yes, she is. No, she isn’t. Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
		Специальные вопросы (WH-?) 1) к сказуемому Where are they read ing now? What is she read ing now? 2) к подлежащему Who isread ing now?

 

Past Continuous (прошедшее длительное)

Используется, когда мы говорим о длительном действии, происходившем в определенный момент в прошлом.

((1)at 5 o’clock yesterday, from 5 till 7 o`clock yesterday, the whole day (evening) yesterday;

2) when mother came;

3) while we …, they…)

was/were + Ving

 

+	-	?
I was   We You wereread ing at 5o’clock yesterday. They   She He was (It)	I was We You were not read ing from They 2 till 4 o’clock yesterday. She He was (It)	Общие вопросы (Yes/No) WasI we Were you reading they the whole day yesterday? she Washe (it)
		Специальные вопросы (WH-?) 1) к сказуемому Where were they read ing at 5o’clock yesterday? What was she read ing at 5o’clock yesterday? 2) к подлежащему Who wasreading at 5o’clock yesterday?

The Future Continuous Tense

will/shall +be+Ving

+	-	?
I We will (shall) be playing tennis at 5 o’clock tomorrow.   You They She will be playing tennis at He 5 o’clock tomorrow. It	I We won’t (shan’t) be playing ten- nis at 5 o’clock tomorrow.   You They She won’t (shan’t) be playing at He 5 o’clock tomorrow. It	Shall I (Will) We be playing tennis at 5 o’clock tomorrow?   you they Will she be playing tennis at he 5 o’clock tomorrow? it
		WH-? What time will you be leaving tomorrow?

Present Perfect (Resaltative) Tense (Настоящее совершенное)

Используется для описания действия, которое произошло в прошлом, но его последствия еще наблюдаются; или если период времени, в который произошло действие, не закончился)

(Already, ever, never, yet, just, lately, recently, this morning, this year, today, since, for)

 

have/has + V3

 

+	-	?
I You III We have already watcheda They new film.   She III He has just writtenthe story. It	I You III We haven’t writtenthe story. They   She III He ha s n’t writtenthe story. It	I you Have we III they written the story?   she Ha s he it
		WH-? 1) к сказуемому Where haveyou been? Why ha s he written this letter?   2) к подлежащему Who has finishedreading?

 

The Present Perfect Continuous Tense (for, since).

 

have/has been + Ving

 

+	-	?
I have been learning English for 5 years. He has been writing a letter since he came home.	They haven’t been sleeping since 5. She hasn’t been working since 2 o’clock.	Have they been playing football for an hour? Has he been watching TV long?

 

The Past Perfect tense

(by 5 o’clock; by Sunday; by that time; by the end of the year; by the second of May

… when…; …after …; …before…)

 

had + Ved/V3

 

+	-	?
My sister had left by the first of April. The train had already left when we arrived. After she had cried she felt better.	The students hadn’t finished the test when the bell rang. When we arrived, the train hadn’t left yet.	Had you read the book up to the end before she asked you for it?

 

Passive Voice

The passive voice is used when we don’t know who did something or it is not important who did it.

 

Present Indefinite Passive is/are + V3 /Ved

Past Indefinite Passive was/were + V3 /Ved

Future Indefinite Passive shall/will be + V3

 

+	-	?
The table is made of wood. The newspapers are sold here.     The room was cleaned yesterday. These houses were built last century.   The letter will be posted tomorrow.	The table isn’t made of plastic. The newspapers aren’t sold there.     The room wasn’t cleaned yesterday. These houses weren’t built last century.   The papers won’t be burnt.	Yes/No -? Is the table made of plastic? Are the newspapers sold there?   Wasthe roomcleaned yesterday? Were these housesbuilt last century?   Shall I be askedany questions?
		WH-? Where is French spoken? When are the newspapers brought? Where were the cartoons shown?

 

Reported Speech

I Об авторе говорим в настоящем времени.

+	-	?
Nick say s: “I like my granny very much.” Nick says (that) he like s his granny very much.   The Browns say: “We’ve moved into a new flat.” The Browns say (that) they ’ve moved into a new flat.   +/! (просьба что-нибудь сделать) Mother say s: “Betty, buy some bread, please.” Mother tell s Betty to buy some bread. Mother ask s Betty to buy some bread.	My friends say: “We didn’t go to the cinema yesterday”. My friends say they didn’t go to the cinema yesterday.     -/! (просьба не делать чего-нибудь) My aunt say s to me: “Don’t go there”. My aunt ask s me not to go there. My aunt tell s me not to go there.	Yes/No -?   She asks: “Is Wales situated in the British Isles?” She asks if Wales is situated in the British Isles.   Nelly asks:” Have you been to Spain?” Nelly asks (wants to know, is interested, wonders) if I have been to Spain.   Wh-? She asks: “ Where is Wales situated?” She asks where Wales is situated.   Bob asks: ” When will they go there?” Bob wants to know when they will go there.

Reported Speech

II Об авторе говорим в прошедшем времени.

Nelly said: “I live in Pskov.” Nelly said that she lived in Pskov. Nelly told me she lived in Pskov.   After said that or told smb a verb is usually in the past.   Direct Speech Reported speech Examples am/is are was were She said: “They are friends”. She said they were friends.   have/has had Nelly said to Dolly: “I have done it.” Nelly told Dolly she had done it.   can could Bob said to Fred: “I can’tswim”. Bob told Fred he couldn’tswim. do/does did I said: “It doesn’t snow here”. I said it didn’t snow here. V play write Ved/V2 played wrote Mary said to Harry: “We play volleyball in the gym”. Mary told Harry they played volleyball in the gym.

Reported Speech

Present Perfect → Past Perfect (in the reported speech) Past Indefinite   Ann said to Helen: “Pete broke the glass.” “Pete has broken the glass.” Ann told Helen Pete had broken the glass.   Frank asked Tom: “Where did Jack go?” “Where has Jack gone?” Frank asked Tom where Jack had gone. Don’t forget to change the following. Here → there now → then this → that these → those today → that day yesterday → the day before ago → before last → the previous

 

Reported Speech (Future in the Past) (will→would)

Nelly said:”I will help you.” Nelly said she wouldhelp us.   Phil asked Mary:”Will you go shopping?” Phil asked Mary if she would go shopping.   Don’t forget to change the following: Tomorrow → the next day in 2 days (weeks, months) → 2 days (weeks, months) later next day → the next day, the following day this → that now → then   Peter said: ”We shall start in two weeks.” Peter said they would start two weeks later.   Bill asked: “Why will she come tomorrow?” Bill asked why she would come the next day.