, , , (. 3-18).
. 3-18.
100 B . (. 3-19).
. 3-19. .
. 3-20.
. 3-20. .
2-4.
) .
. 3-22, . . , , . , , . 3-22 ,.
. 3-22. .
, , , , . , .., , .
, , .. .. .
, . 3-22, . .. . , .. . , .. . .
, ; .
:
(3-32)
w .
.. , . 3-22, , . ( )
(3-33)
v -
(3-34)
, q , .. (. 3-23, ),
(3-35)
k 01 , , ..., (3-18), . 3-23, . 3-9.
. 3-23. q () .. ().
, ν- .. ,
(3-36)
k pv (3-28).
|
|
, , .. . . 3-24, . , , (. . 3-15), , . .
. 3-24. .
, .. :
(3-37)
.. " " ;
w ;
k 1 , (3-10), ..., . 3-24, .
w , , I = I , :
(3-38)
k 01= k 1 k 1 ..
- .. :
(3-39)
k 0ν ν- .., , ν- ..., (3-26) (3-28).
. 3-1 , .. y = 0,83 , , .. (. 3-4, ), . .., F q 1, .., F q 1 .
. 3-25, .. Ft 1 = F q 1sinω t, t, I sinω t.
. 3-25. ..
.., , x , :
(3-40)
(3-40)
:
(3-41)
F ':
(3-42)
. , .. t . , ( t ), , .. , t, :
(3-43)
.., , 2 , .. ( ),/,
─ /,
. (3-44)
(3-41) F ", :
. (3-45)
, , :
, (3-46).
, /,
|
|
. (3-47)
, .. ( dt dx).
, .., (. 3-26).
. 3-26. .. ..
.. , , .., .
, .. ..
- .. (. 3-25). :
, (3-48)
( - /ν). .. Ftx ν :
. (3-49)
, ,
, (3-50)
ν . .. :
. (3-51)
2-5.
, ( ), . 3-28.
. 3-28. .
. . 3-28. , , . , , . . 2, /, n 1, /, .
n 1 .
(n 1 n 2) , , s,
(3-60)
.
, (. 3-28), c n 1, /, , /,
. (3-61)
, ,
. (3-62)
( ). , , ( . 3-28 ), , . , , ,
, (3-63)
, /,
. (3-64)
< , ω2< ω1.
, , m 2 I 2 r 2, , , :
. (3-65)
. .
, , 1, , 1
(3-66)
(m 1 ; I 1 , r 1, ) P c1, . .
, (3-67)
P 2 ( ) , . 2, P , . , , P , :
|
|
. (3-68)
, . 3-29.
. 3-29. .
(3-67) (3-68).
(3-62), (3-63) (3-65) :
, (3-69)
.
( f 1 = const; P M, " ".) (3-69)
(3-70)
. (3-70 )
, , s % P , , [ (3-69)], , (1 s) 100% P , (3-70), . , . 1 1 000 6 1%; s <l%.
( ) , , (3-53):
, (3-71)
f ;
.
f = 50 , . 3-3.
3-3
2 p | ||||||||||
n 1 |
(3-60), /,
. (3-72)
n 2, , . , s .
, , f 1=50 , n 2 = 730 /. 750 / (. 3-3), 2 = 8.
.
...
, (3-73)
w 2 k 02 ;
(3-74)
... . . f 2 ( f i = 50 f 2 = 0,5 3-), , . 3-29.
3-6.
. .
( , , , , ) ( , , , ). , .
|
|
, ( ), /,
, (3-143)
: , /2.