1
1.
, ".
.
1. | Internet. | :
|
2. | TCP/IP | () , . |
3. | , - - . . | |
4. | IP- | 4 , , 109.26.17.100. . . |
5. | IPv4 | 32- IP- |
6. | IPv6 | 128- IP- , Internet-2, IPv4 , . |
7. | TCP/IP | TCP/IP 4 : , , , . 7- ISO. . , . , , . |
8. | IP (Internet Protocol) | IPv4 RFC-760 (DoD standard Internet Protocol J. Postel Jan-01-1980) IPv4 - RFC-791 (Internet Protocol J. Postel Sep-01-1981). IPv6 RFC-1883 (Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification S. Deering, R. Hinden December 1995) IPv6 - RFC-2460 (Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification S. Deering, R. Hinden December 1998). : |
9. | (TOS - type of service) | ( 8). TOS . TOS, ( OSPF IGRP). |
10. | , (3 ) | , . |
11. | (TTL - time to live) | 1, . |
12. | , (: TCP, UDP). | |
13. | IP , . , : ( ) ( ) : RIP (Routing Information Protocol) - , . OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) - " ", . IGP (Interior Gateway Protocols) - , . EGP (Exterior Gateway Protocols) - , . BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) - . | |
14. | ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) | IP, . |
15. | TCP (Transfer Control Protocol) | , TCP , |
16. | Ping | . , CyberKit |
17. | TraceRoute | . , CyberKit |
18. | PingPloter | |
19. | VisualRoute | , whois |
20. | NetScanner | . CyberKit. , telnet. |
21. | ICMP | |
22. | IGMP | |
23. | IP | IP--IP () |
24. | TCP | |
25. | EGP | |
26. | IGP | |
27. | UDP | |
28. | IDRP | |
29. | XTP | Xpress |
30. | RSVP | |
31. | IGRP | |
32. | OSPFIGP | |
33. | ETHERIP | Ethernet--IP |
|
|
- | ||
Daytime | ||
ftp-data | FTP | |
ftp | ||
telnet | ||
SMTP | ||
time | ||
Whois | Whois | |
DNS | ||
bootps | BOOTP DHCP - | |
bootps | BOOTP DHCP - | |
tftp | ||
HTTP | ||
POP2 | ||
POP3 | ||
NNTP | ||
NTP | ||
netbios-ns | NETBIOS - | |
netbios-dgm | NETBIOS Datagram Service | |
netbios-ssn | NETBIOS Session Service | |
imap2 | ||
SNMP | ||
z39.50 | ||
IPX | IPX - | |
imap3 | ||
HTTPs | HTTP | |
RIP | ||
1024-65535 | ||
- | ||
6000-6063 | X11 |
|
|