The Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect:
| to know | |
| Active Voice | Passive Voice |
| ( ) | ( ) |
| I had known | I had been known |
| () | () |
| he (she) had known | he (she) had been known |
| we had known | we had been known |
| you had known | you had been known |
| they had known | they had been known |
, had II , had been .
Past Perfect , . . , .
I saw that my friends had gone. , .
Be six o'clock I had learned all the words. .
Past Perfect , , ; , "6 " .
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I thought he had written to you. He did not think that the boy had grown so much. She knew I had spoken to her father. She did not know that the text had been changed. I could not remember what had been said about that accident. At six in the evening nothing had been done yet.
Perfect. 16 .
2. " " (Future-in-the-Paste)
- , , , , , . : . 1941 , . , , - , 1945 ( ) 1941 , .
, Future-in-the-Past, .. " ". , shall, will should, would.
Continuous, 15, . :
| Future | Future-in-the-Past | ||
| Active Voice | |||
| Indefinite | I shall speak | I should speak | |
| he will speak | he would speak | ||
| Continuous | I shall be writing | I should be writing | |
| he will be writing | he would be writing | ||
| Passive Voice | |||
| Indefinite | I shall be invited | I should be invited | |
| It will be done | It would be done |
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The teacher told me that the next lesson would not be difficult. They said that the boiler would be soon made. I thought that I should get the book in their library. I did not know that your father would come. I thought they would help me.
, : . . : . , . . - ( , ) ( ) . :
I live in Rostov.
I said that I lived in Rostov.
: , .. Past Indefinite, Past Continuous, Past Perfect, Future-in-the-Past. ? . , , , , :
1) ; 2) ; 3) . .
1) :
I said that it was possible. , .
I thought that the child sleeping. , .
Past In-definite Past Continuous .
2) :
We thought that you had heard , about it. () . We knew it had been done. , .
Past Perfect . , Past Perfect " ".
3) :
We knew that the sun would soon rise. , .
Future-in-the-past .
. . : said that he was a worker. , . was , , , .. . Past Indefinite ( ) , . ... , Past Perfect: He said that he had been a worker.
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I knew that he was a good engineer. We did not think the speed was so great. They did not know we grew such fruit here. He told me he would not smoke so much. I knew a new species had been found. They said the question had been discussed in detail. She said that her father was ill. He said that he had been ill.
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-ish, -ist, -ward(s)
-ish .
: to publish , to finish , to establish .
-ish : British , Spanish , English . , . : red , reddish , long , longish .
-ist . , -, -. : socialist , ; artist , ; botanist .
-ward , a -wards - . , .
north - northwards
in - inward(s) ,
after , - afterwards
:
w, [w]: well, will, wing, wind, win, Darwin ['da:win], whether ['weDq];
"" w: write, wrote, whole [houl], answer ['a:nsq], wrong [ran].
(Charles [Ca:lz] Darwin ['da:win]). (.. ) . .
